Congenital dacryocystocele: diagnosis and treatment

Five children were diagnosed with congenital dacryocystocele; in all cases, the cystic lesion was unilateral; age ranged from 7 to 60 days (mean 29 days). The mean ultrasonography diameter of the cyst, at the time of the diagnosis, was 11.51 mm. Topical and systemic antibiotics and massage were prescribed. One patient had no recurrence of the dacryocystocele but 4 showed no improvement with medical treatment; they were submitted to successful probing in the first months of life under general anaesthesia. Nasal endoscopy revealed a nasolacrimal cyst in one patient. True dacryocystocele is relatively rare: ultrasound is a simple, non-invasive method that can reliably distinguish dacryocystocele from other pathological conditions. Several reports have described a variable natural course of these lesions but there are controversial opinions regarding their management. Initially, we treated this congenital anomaly with digital massage, and topical and systemic antibiotics. Probing under general anaesthesia was performed in the event of dacryocystitis or lack of resolution after a short trial period with digital massage. Particular attention was paid to nasal bilateral endoscopy to exclude a nasal obstruction caused by cystic swelling of the nasolacrimal duct. When performed, the probing procedure was successful in all patients.