Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Echo01:06

Echo

The human ear cannot distinguish between two sources of sound if they happen to reach within a specific time interval, typically 0.1 seconds apart. More than this, and they are perceived as separate sources.
Imagine the sound is reflected back to the ears. Assuming that the source is very close to the human, the difference between hearing the two sounds—the emitted sound and the reflected sound—may be more than the minimum time for perceiving distinct sounds. If this is the case, then the...
Influence of Earth's Curvature and Atmospheric Refraction on Leveling01:26

Influence of Earth's Curvature and Atmospheric Refraction on Leveling

During leveling, the Earth's curvature and atmospheric refraction introduce deviations in the line of sight from a true horizontal reference. When the line of sight is leveled, it remains perpendicular to the plumb line only at a single point. Beyond this, it deviates due to the Earth’s curvature, represented by the correction C. For a sight distance D, the deviation can be derived using the relationship:This relationship shows that the deviation increases quadratically with distance. Over a...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Acoustic bianisotropy in a subdivided meta-layer.

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America·2026
Same author

Angle-of-arrival fluctuations in a turbulent atmosphere.

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America·2025
Same author

Infection risk assessment for socially structured population using stochastic microexposure model.

Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology·2025
Same author

Localizing acoustic sources in an urban environment with deep signal fadinga).

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America·2025
Same author

Discussion of sound propagation through the turbulent Martian atmosphere and implications for inference of turbulence spectra.

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America·2024
Same author

Interference of the direct and ground-reflected waves in the atmosphere with volumetric scatteringa).

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America·2024
Same journal

Interaction of near-wall bubble arrays with acoustic waves induced by an oscillating rigid wall.

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America·2026
Same journal

Ultra-broadband underwater acoustic projector based on transverse resonance orthogonal beam (TROB) mode and acoustic matching layer technique.

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America·2026
Same journal

Fine-scale quantitative analysis of bowhead whale (Balaena mysticetus) song shows varying stability of song types.

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America·2026
Same journal

High-resolution depth estimation for multiple wideband sources in deep sea via sparse Bayesian learninga).

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America·2026
Same journal

Depression markers in speech: An approach based on tract variables dynamics.

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America·2026
Same journal

The oyster toadfish (Opsanus tau) alters active and diurnal calling amid vessel noise in New York City.

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 25, 2026

An Automated System for Sound Localization Testing in Hearing-Impaired Listeners
07:52

An Automated System for Sound Localization Testing in Hearing-Impaired Listeners

Published on: March 13, 2026

Source localization from an elevated acoustic sensor array in a refractive atmosphere.

Vladimir E Ostashev1, Michael V Scanlon, D Keith Wilson

  • 1NOAA/Earth System Research Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado 80303, USA.

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
|February 12, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Accurate sound source localization requires accounting for atmospheric sound refraction. Ignoring this phenomenon, especially at large grazing angles, leads to significant errors in predicting ground source coordinates.

More Related Videos

Scattering And Absorption of Light in Planetary Regoliths
11:34

Scattering And Absorption of Light in Planetary Regoliths

Published on: July 1, 2019

Sound Source Localization Testing in Single-sided Deafness Following Bone Conduction Intervention
04:32

Sound Source Localization Testing in Single-sided Deafness Following Bone Conduction Intervention

Published on: December 20, 2024

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 25, 2026

An Automated System for Sound Localization Testing in Hearing-Impaired Listeners
07:52

An Automated System for Sound Localization Testing in Hearing-Impaired Listeners

Published on: March 13, 2026

Scattering And Absorption of Light in Planetary Regoliths
11:34

Scattering And Absorption of Light in Planetary Regoliths

Published on: July 1, 2019

Sound Source Localization Testing in Single-sided Deafness Following Bone Conduction Intervention
04:32

Sound Source Localization Testing in Single-sided Deafness Following Bone Conduction Intervention

Published on: December 20, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Acoustics
  • Atmospheric Physics
  • Signal Processing

Background:

  • Sound source localization using elevated acoustic sensor arrays is crucial for various applications.
  • Atmospheric stratification significantly affects sound wave propagation, introducing refraction.
  • Accurate source localization demands consideration of these atmospheric effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a method for accurately localizing ground-based sound sources using an elevated acoustic sensor array.
  • To investigate the impact of atmospheric sound refraction on source coordinate estimation.
  • To derive formulas for source localization that explicitly account for atmospheric stratification.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing a geometrical acoustics approximation for a stratified moving medium.
  • Deriving formulas for source coordinates based on sound propagation direction, sensor position, and atmospheric profiles (temperature, wind velocity).
  • Performing numerical simulations with typical atmospheric profiles to validate the derived formulas.

Main Results:

  • Sound refraction critically impacts the accuracy of predicted source coordinates.
  • The derived formulas provide improved estimations by incorporating atmospheric effects.
  • The widely used effective sound speed approximation fails at large grazing angles of sound propagation.

Conclusions:

  • Accounting for sound refraction due to atmospheric stratification is essential for precise ground source localization with elevated arrays.
  • The developed geometrical acoustics approach offers a more accurate method than simplified approximations.
  • The findings highlight the limitations of the effective sound speed approximation in specific atmospheric acoustic scenarios.