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Improved towed line array bearing estimation is achieved by incorporating forward motion into the signal model, leveraging Doppler information. This method reduces estimation variance, especially when using pressure-vector sensors for enhanced performance.

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Area of Science:

  • Acoustics
  • Signal Processing
  • Array Signal Processing

Background:

  • Towed line arrays are crucial for underwater acoustic applications.
  • Accurate bearing estimation is vital for target localization.
  • Existing methods may not fully utilize array motion dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To enhance bearing estimation performance for towed line arrays.
  • To investigate the impact of array forward motion on estimation accuracy.
  • To compare the performance of pressure sensors versus pressure-vector sensors.

Main Methods:

  • Incorporating the forward motion of the array into the signal model.
  • Utilizing Doppler information derived from array movement.
  • Applying the Cramér-Rao lower bound to analyze estimation variance.

Main Results:

  • Forward motion inclusion improves bearing estimation.
  • Doppler information from forward motion enhances accuracy.
  • Pressure-vector sensors offer significant performance gains over pressure sensors alone.

Conclusions:

  • Accounting for array forward motion is key to improved bearing estimation.
  • Doppler-based analysis provides valuable bearing insights.
  • Pressure-vector sensor arrays present a superior solution for towed array applications.