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Updated: Jun 25, 2026

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In vitro 3D model for human vascularized adipose tissue.

Jennifer H Kang1, Jeffrey M Gimble, David L Kaplan

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA.

Tissue Engineering. Part A
|February 12, 2009
PubMed
Summary

This study developed a 3D vascularized adipose tissue model using human adipose stem cells and endothelial cells on silk scaffolds. The model successfully demonstrated vascularization and adipogenesis, offering potential for soft tissue engineering.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Tissue Engineering
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Growing clinical demand for 3D soft tissue replacements and in vitro adipose tissue models.
  • Need for functional vascularization in engineered tissues to ensure viability and integration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the structural and functional characteristics of an in vitro 3D coculture model of vascularized adipose tissue.
  • To assess the potential of silk scaffolds for vascularized adipose tissue engineering.

Main Methods:

  • Coculturing human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hASCs) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells on silk scaffolds for 2 weeks.
  • Utilizing confocal microscopy for viability and organization assessment, histological analysis for lumen formation, and Oil Red O staining for lipid accumulation.

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  • Measuring leptin secretion from differentiated and undifferentiated cocultures.

    • Main Results:

    • Demonstrated viability and organization of cocultured cells over time.
    • Confirmed continuous endothelial lumen formation in both differentiated and undifferentiated constructs.
    • Showcased significantly higher leptin secretion and lipid accumulation in differentiated adipose cocultures.
    • Successfully vascularized a construct containing hASCs.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed 3D coculture model is a promising in vitro approach for vascularizing tissue-engineered adipose tissue.
    • The strategy provides a basis for creating other in vitro vascularized tissues.
    • Slowly degrading silk scaffolds support sustainable soft tissue formation.