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Added sugars and micronutrient dilution.

M B E Livingstone¹, K L Rennie

¹Northern Ireland Centre for Food and Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulster, Coleraine, Co. Londonderry, UK. mbe.livingstone@ulster.ac.uk

Obesity Reviews : an Official Journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity

|February 12, 2009

Summary

High added sugar intake does not consistently lead to lower micronutrient intake. The nutrient dilution hypothesis may oversimplify complex dietary interactions, requiring further research for clarification.

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Area of Science:

Nutrition Science
Dietary Assessment
Public Health Nutrition

Background:

Growing concern exists regarding added sugars displacing essential micronutrients in diets.
Existing evidence on the relationship between added sugar and micronutrient intake is inconsistent and complex.

Purpose of the Study:

To critically evaluate the nutrient dilution hypothesis concerning added sugar consumption.
To identify methodological and conceptual challenges in assessing the added sugar-micronutrient relationship.

Main Methods:

Review of existing evidence on added sugar and micronutrient intake associations.
Analysis of how definitions of sugars and energy adjustment methods influence observed associations.
Consideration of dietary misreporting and varying micronutrient inadequacy cut-offs.

Main Results:

Associations between added sugar and micronutrient intakes are inconsistent, non-linear, and vary by demographics.
A high intake of added sugar does not automatically mean compromised micronutrient status.
Lower added sugar intake does not guarantee optimized micronutrient status.

Conclusions:

The nutrient dilution hypothesis may be an oversimplification of complex dietary patterns.
Compelling evidence for micronutrient compromise due to high added sugar intake is lacking.
Further research is recommended to resolve inconsistencies and understand dietary complexities.