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Related Concept Videos

Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors01:28

Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors

Phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) inhibitors are potent enzymes that function to hydrolyze cyclic nucleotides to their corresponding 5' monophosphates. Their unique biochemical properties have been applied in treating Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH).
Among the PDE5 inhibitors, sildenafil (Revatio) stands out as a competitive and selective inhibitor. It operates by elevating cellular levels of cGMP and augmenting signaling through the cGMP-PKG pathway, promoting vasodilation. Upon oral...
Prescription, Nonprescription and Orphan Drugs01:02

Prescription, Nonprescription and Orphan Drugs

Prescription drugs require a prescription from a medical practitioner and can only be obtained from a pharmacy. They have many applications, including treating pain, anxiety, and hypertension.
The misuse and addiction to prescription drugs is a growing problem that can affect people of all age groups, specifically teenagers. This can happen when prescription medications are used in ways not intended by the prescriber, such as taking someone else's prescription or using medication for...
Nitric Oxide Signaling Pathway01:28

Nitric Oxide Signaling Pathway

Nitric oxide (NO), an inorganic gas, acts as a potent second messenger in most animal and plant tissues. NO diffuses out of the cells that produce it and enters the neighboring cells to generate a downstream response. NO synthase (NOS) catalyzes NO production by the deamination of the amino acid arginine. There are three isoforms of NOS. Endothelial cells have endothelial NOS (eNOS), nerve and muscle cells have neuronal NOS (nNOS), and macrophages produce inducible NOS (iNOS) upon exposure to...
Antianginal Drugs: Nitrates and β-Blockers01:16

Antianginal Drugs: Nitrates and β-Blockers

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Drug Classes and Categories01:25

Drug Classes and Categories

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Bioequivalence: Overview01:16

Bioequivalence: Overview

Pharmaceutical equivalents, by definition, are drug products with the same active ingredient in the same quantities, encapsulated in identical dosage forms, and intended for the same administration routes. These pharmaceutical equivalents are deemed bioequivalent if the bioavailability of the active entity in the drug preparations is similar. Moreover, pharmaceutical equivalents demonstrating bioequivalence are also regarded as therapeutically equivalent. This means that when used as directed,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 25, 2026

Treatment Model for Young Patients with Psychogenic Erectile Dysfunction and Resultant Infertility
04:22

Treatment Model for Young Patients with Psychogenic Erectile Dysfunction and Resultant Infertility

Published on: May 30, 2025

Should sildenafil be available over the counter?

Naomi Rubin1, Kevan Wylie

  • 1Porterbrook Clinic, Sheffield S11 9BF, UK. k.r.wylie@sheffield.ac.uk

British Medical Bulletin
|February 12, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Reclassifying prescription drugs to over-the-counter (OTC) offers patient benefits. This study supports making sildenafil available OTC, provided proper patient assessments are implemented.

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Drug Regulation
  • Public Health

Background:

  • This article examines the reclassification of prescription drugs to over-the-counter (OTC) status.
  • It analyzes the benefits and potential concerns associated with this regulatory shift.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the feasibility and implications of reclassifying sildenafil from prescription-only to OTC status.
  • To compare the reclassification process of sildenafil with that of emergency contraception and simvastatin.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of drug reclassification cases (emergency contraception, simvastatin).
  • Review of patient group directions for OTC medications.
  • Assessment of benefits for patients and healthcare professionals.

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Last Updated: Jun 25, 2026

Treatment Model for Young Patients with Psychogenic Erectile Dysfunction and Resultant Infertility
04:22

Treatment Model for Young Patients with Psychogenic Erectile Dysfunction and Resultant Infertility

Published on: May 30, 2025

Main Results:

  • Reclassification of emergency contraception and simvastatin provides a precedent.
  • Potential benefits for patients include improved access and convenience.
  • Concerns exist regarding patient group directions potentially overlooking critical health factors.

Conclusions:

  • Sildenafil reclassification to OTC is supported, contingent on robust patient assessment protocols.
  • Ensuring patient safety is paramount in the transition of prescription drugs to OTC availability.
  • This discussion is timely given the generic availability of erectile dysfunction treatments.