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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis V01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V

Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the progression...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV01:26

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
Tuberculosis01:23

Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health concern, primarily targeting the lungs and spreading through airborne transmission. Infection begins when aerosolized droplet nuclei, expelled by an individual with active TB, are inhaled by another person. These microscopic particles carry Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of TB. Upon reaching the alveoli, the bacilli are engulfed by alveolar macrophages. However, due to their specialized lipid-rich cell wall, these pathogens...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis III01:31

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:

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Related Experiment Video

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Analysis of 18FDG PET/CT Imaging as a Tool for Studying Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection and Treatment in Non-human Primates
10:04

Analysis of 18FDG PET/CT Imaging as a Tool for Studying Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection and Treatment in Non-human Primates

Published on: September 5, 2017

HIV and tuberculosis in India.

Soumya Swaminathan1, G Nagendran

  • 1Deptartment of Clinical Research,Tuberculosis Research Centre, Mayor VR Ramanathan Road, Chetput, Chennai 600 031, India. doctorsoumya@yahoo.com

Journal of Biosciences
|February 12, 2009
PubMed
Summary

The dual epidemics of tuberculosis (TB) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) pose a significant global health challenge. New diagnostic tools and better coordination between TB and AIDS programs are urgently needed to manage co-infection effectively.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • The convergence of tuberculosis (TB) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemics presents a major global health challenge.
  • TB is the leading cause of death and most common opportunistic infection in HIV-infected individuals.
  • Rising rates of drug-resistant TB (MDRTB, XDRTB) complicate treatment and increase mortality.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the urgent need for improved diagnostic tools for TB/HIV co-infection.
  • To emphasize the complexities in treating HIV-TB co-infection.
  • To advocate for enhanced programmatic coordination between TB and AIDS control programs.

Main Methods:

  • Review of global TB and HIV epidemic data and challenges.
  • Analysis of current diagnostic limitations for TB.

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A 3D Human Lung Tissue Model for Functional Studies on Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection
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A 3D Human Lung Tissue Model for Functional Studies on Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection

Published on: October 5, 2015

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Last Updated: Jun 25, 2026

Analysis of 18FDG PET/CT Imaging as a Tool for Studying Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection and Treatment in Non-human Primates
10:04

Analysis of 18FDG PET/CT Imaging as a Tool for Studying Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection and Treatment in Non-human Primates

Published on: September 5, 2017

A 3D Human Lung Tissue Model for Functional Studies on Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection
10:10

A 3D Human Lung Tissue Model for Functional Studies on Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection

Published on: October 5, 2015

  • Discussion of treatment complexities and programmatic needs for co-infected patients.

    • Main Results:

    • TB/HIV co-infection is a leading cause of death, with increasing drug resistance.
    • Current TB diagnostic methods lack specificity and are difficult to use in resource-poor settings.
    • Treatment of co-infection is complex, requiring high adherence and management of drug toxicities and IRIS.

    Conclusions:

    • New, sensitive, specific, and user-friendly diagnostic tests are crucial for TB/HIV co-infection.
    • Effective management necessitates integrated care, addressing pill burden, drug toxicity, and adherence.
    • Improved coordination between TB and AIDS control programs is essential for identifying and treating co-infected individuals.