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Related Concept Videos

Production of Alcohol01:27

Production of Alcohol

Continuous fermentation is a key strategy in industrial ethanol production, particularly when efficiency, scalability, and high yields are essential. This approach allows for uninterrupted operation and optimized resource utilization. The primary feedstock, corn starch, undergoes enzymatic hydrolysis facilitated by α-amylase and glucoamylase. These enzymes break down the starch into fermentable sugars such as glucose, which are readily assimilated by fermentative microorganisms.Fermentation...
Ethers from Alcohols: Alcohol Dehydration and Williamson Ether Synthesis02:29

Ethers from Alcohols: Alcohol Dehydration and Williamson Ether Synthesis

Overview
Ethers can be prepared from organic compounds by various methods. Some of them are discussed below,
Preparation of Ethers by Alcohol Dehydration
In this method, in the presence of protic acids, alcohol dehydrates to produce alkenes and ethers under different conditions. For example, in the presence of sulphuric acid, dehydration of ethanol at 413 K yields ethoxyethane, whereas it yields ethene at 443 K.
Physical Properties of Ethers02:17

Physical Properties of Ethers

Overview
An ether molecule has a net dipole moment due to the polarity of C–O bonds. Subsequently, boiling points of ethers are lower than those of alcohols of comparable molecular weight and slightly higher than those of hydrocarbons of comparable molecular weight (Table 1).
Ethers can act as hydrogen bond acceptors, making them more water-soluble than hydrocarbons, but since ethers cannot act as hydrogen bond donors, they are much less soluble in water than alcohols. Ethers are considered...
Ethers from Alkenes: Alcohol Addition and Alkoxymercuration-Demercuration02:35

Ethers from Alkenes: Alcohol Addition and Alkoxymercuration-Demercuration

Overview
Ethers can also be prepared from alkenes through acid-catalyzed addition of alcohols and alkoxymercuration–demercuration.
Preparation of Ethers by Acid-Catalyzed Addition of Alcohol to Alkenes
The acid-catalyzed addition of alcohol to an alkene involves treating the alkene with an excess of alcohol in the presence of an acid catalyst to form an ether under suitable conditions. The hydrogen will add to the less substituted carbon so that the nucleophile can attack the more substituted...
A Single-Component System01:24

A Single-Component System

In the field of chemistry, the terms "component" and "phase" hold significant importance. A component refers to a chemically distinct substance in a system that has specific properties. It is chemically homogeneous, meaning it has the same properties throughout. For example, in a mixture of salt and water, both salt and water are considered separate components because they have different chemical properties.On the other hand, a phase is a form of matter that has a consistent chemical...
Microbes in Beverage Production01:25

Microbes in Beverage Production

Alcoholic beverages such as wine, beer, and spirits are the products of microbial fermentation processes that transform simple sugars into ethanol and a wide array of complex flavor compounds. These transformations rely on the metabolic activities of specific yeasts and bacteria, which are selected and controlled to yield the desired beverage characteristics.Wine Fermentation and MaturationWine production begins with the crushing of grapes to release juice and pulp, forming a must that is...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 25, 2026

Microdialysis of Ethanol During Operant Ethanol Self-administration and Ethanol Determination by Gas Chromatography
10:11

Microdialysis of Ethanol During Operant Ethanol Self-administration and Ethanol Determination by Gas Chromatography

Published on: September 5, 2012

Ethanol USA.

Dennis Keeney1

  • 1Department of Agronomy and Agriculture and Biosystems Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, USA. drkeeney@iastate.edu

Environmental Science & Technology
|February 13, 2009
PubMed
Summary

The expanding U.S. corn ethanol industry presents significant environmental, social, and economic challenges. Addressing these issues is crucial for sustainable biofuel production and food security.

Area of Science:

  • Agricultural Science
  • Environmental Science
  • Economics

Background:

  • The U.S. has seen rapid expansion of corn ethanol production.
  • Corn ethanol is a major biofuel derived from a staple crop.

Observation:

  • The industry's growth impacts land use and water resources.
  • Economic factors influence corn supply chains and prices.
  • Social implications include effects on rural communities and food access.

Findings:

  • Corn ethanol production raises concerns regarding greenhouse gas emissions and biodiversity.
  • Economic viability is linked to government subsidies and fluctuating corn prices.
  • Food versus fuel debates highlight competition for agricultural resources.

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Chronic Intermittent Ethanol Vapor Exposure Paired with Two-Bottle Choice to Model Alcohol Use Disorder

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Last Updated: Jun 25, 2026

Microdialysis of Ethanol During Operant Ethanol Self-administration and Ethanol Determination by Gas Chromatography
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Microdialysis of Ethanol During Operant Ethanol Self-administration and Ethanol Determination by Gas Chromatography

Published on: September 5, 2012

Assessment of Social Interaction Behaviors
06:41

Assessment of Social Interaction Behaviors

Published on: February 25, 2011

Chronic Intermittent Ethanol Vapor Exposure Paired with Two-Bottle Choice to Model Alcohol Use Disorder
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Chronic Intermittent Ethanol Vapor Exposure Paired with Two-Bottle Choice to Model Alcohol Use Disorder

Published on: June 23, 2023

Implications:

  • Policy decisions must balance energy independence goals with environmental and social costs.
  • Sustainable practices are needed to mitigate negative impacts of corn ethanol.
  • Future research should explore alternative feedstocks and advanced biofuel technologies.