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Obstructive sleep apnoea and its association with gestational hypertension
K Champagne1, K Schwartzman, L Opatrny
1Department of Medicine, Montreal Chest Institute, Respiratory Epidemiology and Clinical Research Unit, McGill Univerisity, 3650 St-Urbain, Montreal, QC, Canada. kateri.champagne@muhc.mcgill.ca
The European Respiratory Journal
|February 14, 2009
Summary
Obstructive sleep apnoea is a significant risk factor for developing gestational hypertension in pregnant individuals. This condition, marked by snoring, was strongly associated with new-onset hypertension during pregnancy.
Area of Science:
- Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Sleep Medicine
- Cardiovascular Health
Background:
- Gestational hypertension affects 10% of pregnancies.
- Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is a known risk factor for hypertension in the general population.
- Snoring, a marker for OSA, is a newly identified risk factor for gestational hypertension.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between obstructive sleep apnoea and new-onset hypertension in pregnant females.
- To test the hypothesis that OSA is linked to the development of gestational hypertension.
Main Methods:
- A case-control study involving 17 pregnant females with gestational hypertension and 33 normotensive pregnant females.
- Participants were frequency-matched for gestational age.
- Obstructive sleep apnoea was diagnosed using polysomnography, with an apnoea/hypopnoea index (AHI) of ≥15 events/hour.
Main Results:
- The mean AHI was significantly higher in pregnant females with gestational hypertension (38.6 events/hour) compared to normotensive pregnant females (18.2 events/hour).
- The adjusted odds ratio for gestational hypertension in the presence of obstructive sleep apnoea was 7.5 (95% CI 3.5-16.2).
Conclusions:
- Gestational hypertension is strongly associated with the presence of obstructive sleep apnoea.
- Findings suggest OSA as a critical factor in the pathophysiology of gestational hypertension.
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