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Related Concept Videos

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System III: Serum Lipid Profile01:25

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System III: Serum Lipid Profile

Understanding serum lipids is crucial for maintaining cardiovascular health and preventing heart disease and stroke.
Serum lipids are fats and fatty substances in the blood and are crucial for various bodily functions, including energy storage, cellular structure, and hormone production. Serum lipids consist of cholesterol, triglycerides, and phospholipids.
Cholesterol is a soft, fat-like substance found in all body cells. It is crucial for producing hormones, vitamin D, and substances that aid...
Atherosclerosis III: Management01:26

Atherosclerosis III: Management

Management of atherosclerosis involves an integrated strategy encompassing pharmacological treatment, surgical interventions, lifestyle changes, and nutrition therapy to address the multifactorial nature of the disease.Pharmacological TherapyA cornerstone of atherosclerosis management is the use of pharmacological agents. Statins, such as atorvastatin, are pivotal in inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase, an enzyme that catalyzes an initial step in cholesterol synthesis in the liver. This reduction in...
Lipid-derived Compounds in the Human Body01:31

Lipid-derived Compounds in the Human Body

Fats and lipids are crucial components in the human body. Some lipid-derived compounds, such as fat-soluble vitamins, eicosanoids, lipoproteins, and glycolipids, also play unique roles to support various  biological processes .
Fat-soluble Vitamins
Fat-soluble vitamins, including vitamins A, D, E, and K, are required in minimal quantities, but their deficiencies can lead to severely abnormal physiological conditions. For example, vitamin A deficiency can cause night blindness, dry skin, delayed...
Lipids: Dietary Sources and Requirements01:18

Lipids: Dietary Sources and Requirements

Lipids are an essential component of a balanced human diet. Triglycerides, which make up the majority of dietary lipids, are found in both saturated fats—commonly present in meat, dairy products, and certain tropical plants like coconut, and hydrogenated oils such as margarine and baking shortenings (trans fats)—and unsaturated fats, which are abundant in seeds, nuts, olive oil, and most vegetable oils. The main sources of cholesterol include egg yolks, various meats and organ meats, shellfish,...
Lipid-Lowering Drugs: Statins and Miscellaneous Agents01:20

Lipid-Lowering Drugs: Statins and Miscellaneous Agents

Hyperlipidemia, a medical condition often referred to as high cholesterol, is characterized by abnormally elevated levels of lipids in the bloodstream. When present in excess, these lipids, specifically cholesterol and triglycerides, can lead to serious health complications, often involving cardiovascular diseases. Illnesses like atherosclerosis, heart attacks, and pancreatitis have all been linked to untreated hyperlipidemia. This means controlling and regulating cholesterol and triglyceride...
Lipid Absorption01:24

Lipid Absorption

Dietary triglycerides from chyme in the duodenum are mixed with bile salts produced by the liver to emulsify fats. As a result, large droplets are broken down into smaller ones, increasing the surface area for enzymatic action. Once emulsified, pancreatic lipases hydrolyze the triglycerides into free fatty acids and monoglycerides.
These breakdown products bind with bile salts and lecithin to form micelles, which quickly pass between microvilli to come in close contact with the apical...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 25, 2026

Cell-free Biochemical Fluorometric Enzymatic Assay for High-throughput Measurement of Lipid Peroxidation in High Density Lipoprotein
07:29

Cell-free Biochemical Fluorometric Enzymatic Assay for High-throughput Measurement of Lipid Peroxidation in High Density Lipoprotein

Published on: October 12, 2017

Advanced lipoprotein testing: recommendations based on current evidence.

Joe F Lau1, Donald A Smith

  • 1Mount Sinai Medical Center, Box 1030, 1 Gustave Levy Place, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA.

Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America
|February 17, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is a standard risk marker, but non-HDL-C, apoB, and LDL particle number may offer superior prediction for cardiovascular disease risk.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 25, 2026

Cell-free Biochemical Fluorometric Enzymatic Assay for High-throughput Measurement of Lipid Peroxidation in High Density Lipoprotein
07:29

Cell-free Biochemical Fluorometric Enzymatic Assay for High-throughput Measurement of Lipid Peroxidation in High Density Lipoprotein

Published on: October 12, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Lipidology
  • Clinical Chemistry

Background:

  • Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is the primary target for lipid-altering therapies to reduce ischemic cardiovascular disease risk.
  • Current treatment goals are based on LDL-C levels, but its predictive value can be limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the predictive value of LDL-C with other lipoprotein variables.
  • To review advanced lipoprotein testing methodologies.
  • To suggest treatment goals and clinical applications for alternative lipid markers.

Main Methods:

  • Review of studies comparing LDL-C, non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C), apolipoprotein B (apoB), and LDL particle number.
  • Description of advanced lipoprotein testing techniques, including nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
  • Analysis of clinical guidelines and evidence for treatment targets.

Main Results:

  • Non-HDL-C, apoB, and LDL particle number often demonstrate greater predictive value for cardiovascular risk than LDL-C alone.
  • Advanced lipoprotein assays provide detailed information beyond standard lipid panels.
  • Clinical utility varies, with certain patient profiles benefiting more from alternative markers.

Conclusions:

  • Alternative lipoprotein markers like non-HDL-C and apoB may enhance cardiovascular risk assessment beyond LDL-C.
  • Advanced testing offers valuable insights for personalized lipid management.
  • Clinicians should consider these alternative markers in specific clinical scenarios for optimized treatment strategies.