Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Histone Variants at the Centromere02:30

Histone Variants at the Centromere

Histone variants are the histone proteins with structural and sequence variations. These variants may be regarded as “mutant” forms that replace their canonical histone counterparts in the nucleosomes. Specific post-translational modifications on the histone variants enable further chromatin complexity and regulate tissue-specific gene expression. The most common histone variants are from histone H2A, H2B, and linker histone H1 families. However, several variants of histone H3 variants are also...
Histone Modification02:32

Histone Modification

The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone deacetylase,...
Histone Modification02:32

Histone Modification

The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone deacetylase,...
Spreading of Chromatin Modifications02:25

Spreading of Chromatin Modifications

The histone proteins in the nucleosomes are post-translationally modified (PTM) to increase or decrease access to DNA. The commonly observed PTMs are methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination of lysine amino acids in the histone H3 tail region. These histone modifications have specific meaning for the cell. Hence, they are called "histone code". The protein complex involved in histone modification is termed as "reader-writer" complex.
Writers
The writer is an enzyme that can...
The Nucleosome Core Particle01:12

The Nucleosome Core Particle

Nucleosomes are the DNA-histone complex, where the DNA strand is wound around the histone core. The histone core is an octamer containing two copies of H2A, H2B, H3, and H4 histone proteins.
Nucleosomes, paradoxically, perform two opposite functions simultaneously. On the one hand, their primary aim is to protect the delicate DNA strands from physical damage and help achieve a higher compaction ratio. On the other hand, they must allow polymerase enzymes to access histone-bound DNA during...
Inheritance of Chromatin Structures03:17

Inheritance of Chromatin Structures

Epigenetics is the study of inherited changes in a cell's phenotype without changing the DNA sequences. It provides a form of memory for the differential gene expression pattern to maintain cell lineage, position-effect variegation, dosage compensation, and maintenance of chromatin structures such as telomeres and centromeres. For example, the structure and location of the centromere on chromosomes are epigenetically inherited. Its functionality is not dictated or ensured by the underlying DNA...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

A blended genome and exome sequencing method captures genetic variation in an unbiased and cost-effective manner.

Nature genetics·2026
Same author

Identification of hub genes involved in early-onset schizophrenia: from genetic susceptibility to predicted regulated gene expression.

Molecular psychiatry·2026
Same author

A New Finite Element Simulation Methodology for Analyzing the Mechano-Electrochemical Effects of Al Alloys.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

SCM-1/SCAMP Maintains Microdomain Boundaries and Cargo Sorting within the Endosomal System.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Genome-wide association study and polygenic risk score analysis for bipolar disorder in the Korean population.

Asian journal of psychiatry·2026
Same author

Exome sequencing directly implicates 68 genes in inflammatory bowel disease.

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 25, 2026

Targeted in Situ Mutagenesis of Histone Genes in Budding Yeast
08:48

Targeted in Situ Mutagenesis of Histone Genes in Budding Yeast

Published on: January 26, 2017

HistoneHits: a database for histone mutations and their phenotypes.

Hailiang Huang1, Alexandra M Maertens, Edel M Hyland

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University and School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA.

Genome Research
|February 17, 2009
PubMed
Summary

HistoneHits is a new database detailing histone mutant phenotypes. It links mutations to conserved residues and post-translational modifications, aiding research into gene regulation and disease.

More Related Videos

Global Level Quantification of Histone Post-Translational Modifications in a 3D Cell Culture Model of Hepatic Tissue
08:12

Global Level Quantification of Histone Post-Translational Modifications in a 3D Cell Culture Model of Hepatic Tissue

Published on: May 5, 2022

Histone Modification Screening using Liquid Chromatography, Trapped Ion Mobility Spectrometry, and Time-Of-Flight Mass Spectrometry
05:52

Histone Modification Screening using Liquid Chromatography, Trapped Ion Mobility Spectrometry, and Time-Of-Flight Mass Spectrometry

Published on: January 12, 2024

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 25, 2026

Targeted in Situ Mutagenesis of Histone Genes in Budding Yeast
08:48

Targeted in Situ Mutagenesis of Histone Genes in Budding Yeast

Published on: January 26, 2017

Global Level Quantification of Histone Post-Translational Modifications in a 3D Cell Culture Model of Hepatic Tissue
08:12

Global Level Quantification of Histone Post-Translational Modifications in a 3D Cell Culture Model of Hepatic Tissue

Published on: May 5, 2022

Histone Modification Screening using Liquid Chromatography, Trapped Ion Mobility Spectrometry, and Time-Of-Flight Mass Spectrometry
05:52

Histone Modification Screening using Liquid Chromatography, Trapped Ion Mobility Spectrometry, and Time-Of-Flight Mass Spectrometry

Published on: January 12, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Histones are fundamental proteins in nucleosomes, crucial for chromatin structure.
  • They are highly conserved and undergo extensive post-translational modifications.
  • Histone residues play key roles in gene regulation, DNA damage response, and chromatin organization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce HistoneHits, a comprehensive database of histone mutant phenotypes.
  • To integrate phenotypic data with sequence, structure, modification, and conservation information.
  • To provide a platform for systematic analysis of histone function and mutation effects.

Main Methods:

  • Developed HistoneHits database compiling data from 42 assays on 677 histone mutants (yeast H3, H4, H2A, H2B).
  • Integrated data on sequences, structures, post-translational modifications, and evolutionary conservation.
  • Created a web interface with dynamic visualizations and an extensible vocabulary for data submission.

Main Results:

  • Identified that mutations in conserved and modifiable histone residues are more likely to cause phenotypes.
  • Found that buried and lateral surface residues generate more phenotypes than tail residues.
  • Cross-referenced yeast and human histone variants, linking a yeast mutant phenotype to human cancer susceptibility.

Conclusions:

  • HistoneHits provides a valuable resource for studying histone function and the impact of mutations.
  • Mutations in specific histone regions (conserved, modifiable, buried, lateral) have a greater phenotypic impact.
  • The database facilitates cross-species comparisons, revealing potential links between histone alterations and human diseases like cancer.