The Parathyroid Glands
Hormones and Bone Tissue
Hyperthyroidism I: Introduction
Hyperthyroidism II: Pathophysiology
Skeleton and Calcium Homeostasis
Urinary Tract Calculi III: Medical Management
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Updated: Jun 25, 2026

Generation of Hypoparathyroid Rats via Carbon-Nanoparticle-Assisted Parathyroidectomy
Published on: July 14, 2023
Haakon M Lindekleiv1, Jan Due, Johan Svartberg
1Avdeling for urologi og endokrin kirurgi, Universitetssykehuset Nord-Norge, 9038 Tromsø.
Norwegian surgeons and endocrinologists show varied approaches to primary hyperparathyroidism surgery. Despite good agreement on indications, unexplained regional differences in surgical frequency persist, not aligning with international guidelines.
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