Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 25, 2026
10:39
3D-Neuronavigation In Vivo Through a Patient's Brain During a Spontaneous Migraine Headache
Published on: June 2, 2014
Nummular headache: a series with symptomatic and primary cases.
L C Alvaro1, J M García, E Areitio
1Department of Neurology, Fondación Hospital Alcocrón, Alcocrón, Madrid, Spain. luiscarlos.alvarogonzalez@osakidetza.net
Cephalalgia : an International Journal of Headache
|February 18, 2009
Summary
Nummular headache (NH) can be primary or secondary to underlying conditions. This study highlights four cases, emphasizing the need to investigate tiny skull lesions and preceding events for accurate diagnosis and treatment.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Pain Medicine
- Headache Disorders
Background:
- Nummular headache (NH) is characterized by localized, circumscribed head pain.
- It is a chronic condition often presenting with exacerbations and remissions.
Observation:
- Four cases of nummular headache were analyzed.
- Two cases were secondary: one linked to a benign skull lesion, another post-pituitary adenoma surgery.
- Two cases were primary NH, one co-occurring with migraine, the other with chronic tension-type headache.
Findings:
- Secondary nummular headache may arise from structural lesions or post-surgical complications.
- Primary nummular headache can be associated with other headache disorders.
- Treatment response for both primary and secondary NH was generally poor.
Implications:
- This study suggests secondary forms of nummular headache may coexist with primary NH.
- Highlights the importance of advanced imaging (MRI) to detect subtle underlying lesions.
- Emphasizes careful evaluation of preceding events and potential central/peripheral pathway involvement in NH pathogenesis.
Related Concept Videos
01:19Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction
Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that affects the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves. It is an inflammatory demyelinating disorder and a leading cause of neurological disability in young adults.EpidemiologyMS commonly begins between 20 and 40 years of age and is twice as common in women. Its exact cause remains unclear, but genetic susceptibility contributes, with higher risk in first-degree relatives and identical twins. A greater...
01:26Patterns of Fever
Before understanding the types and patterns of fever, it is essential to know its phases.
01:25Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis
Endocarditis can present various clinical features depending on the causative organism and the patient's underlying health conditions. Initially, the clinical features of infective endocarditis develop gradually, presenting with nonspecific symptoms that can be easily mistaken for other illnesses.General SymptomsEarly symptoms of infective endocarditis are fever, chills, weakness, malaise, fatigue, and weight loss. These symptoms reflect the systemic nature of the infection and the body's...
01:30Hypertension III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies
Hypertension is asymptomatic and also referred to as the "silent killer" until it progresses to a severe stage or causes target organ disease. Patients may experience symptoms stemming from the strain on blood vessels and tissues in various organs or the heart's increased workload.Physical exams might show no abnormalities other than high blood pressure. Signs of vascular damage, when present, correspond to the organs supplied by the affected vessels, leading to target organ damage. For...
01:22Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies
The key clinical manifestations of Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) include several distinct cardiac symptoms.Carditis, a hallmark of acute rheumatic fever, involves inflammation of the heart's endocardium, myocardium, and pericardium. Chronic RHD often results from recurrent episodes of carditis. Its symptoms include the following:Murmurs are caused by valvular damage, especially to the mitral and aortic valves. Mitral stenosis or regurgitation is common, with characteristic heart murmurs...
01:26Encephalitis ll: Pathophysiology
Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain parenchyma caused by direct viral invasion or immune-mediated mechanisms triggered by infections or tumors. Both processes lead to neuronal injury, disrupted neurotransmission, and diverse neurological symptoms, often with overlapping clinical and pathological features.Autoimmune EncephalitisIn autoimmune encephalitis, antibodies target neuronal antigens on cell surfaces, synapses, or within neurons. A key example is anti-NMDAR encephalitis, which can...