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Related Concept Videos

Cranial Bones: Lateral View01:27

Cranial Bones: Lateral View

The lateral view of the cranium is dominated by temporal, sphenoid, and ethmoid bones.
The temporal bone forms the lower lateral side of the skull. The temporal bone is subdivided into several regions. The flattened upper portion is the squamous portion of the temporal bone. Below this area and projecting anteriorly is the zygomatic process of the temporal bone, which forms the posterior portion of the zygomatic arch. Posteriorly is the mastoid portion of the temporal bone. Projecting...
Bone Formation by Endochondral Ossification01:24

Bone Formation by Endochondral Ossification

Bone formation, or ossification, begins around the sixth to seventh week of embryonic development. Most bones develop from a cartilaginous template through the process of endochondral ossification. Cartilage formation begins when clusters of mesenchymal cells differentiate into chondrocytes. These chondrocytes proliferate rapidly and secrete an extracellular matrix that becomes encased in a membrane called the perichondrium. The resulting cartilage model provides a template that resembles the...
Spongy Bone01:09

Spongy Bone

All bones comprise an outer layer of compact bone, and an interior made up of spongy bone tissue, also called cancellous or trabecular bone. In long bones, spongy bone tissue is mainly found in the interior of the epiphyses (broad ends of the bone).
Spongy bone is more porous, and less dense compared to compact bone. It is composed of concentric lamellae that are arranged irregularly to form the trabecular network. In some bones, the spaces between trabeculae contain red marrow, where...
Bone Markings01:26

Bone Markings

Bones have various surface features that help form joints and attach to other soft tissues. Depending on the function, bone markings are categorized into articulating projections, processes for attachment, depressions, and openings.
Articulating Projections
Articulating projections are found where two bones meet to form a joint. These structures are usually found at the ends of bones. The largest articulation is a rounded projection called the head, supported by a narrow neck at the ends of...
Compact Bone01:27

Compact Bone

Most bones contain compact and spongy osseous tissue, but their distribution and concentration vary based on the bone's overall function.
Compact bone, also called cortical bone, is the denser, stronger of the two types of bone tissue. It is found under the periosteum and in the diaphyses of long bones, where it provides support and protection. The microscopic structural unit of compact bone is called an osteon, or haversian system. Each osteon is composed of concentric rings of calcified...
Cranial Bones: Superior and Posterior View01:14

Cranial Bones: Superior and Posterior View

The superior view of the cranium shows the frontal and paired parietal bones.
The frontal bone is the single bone that forms the forehead. At its anterior midline, between the eyebrows, there is a slight depression called the glabella. The frontal bone also forms the supraorbital margin of the orbit. Near the middle of this margin is the supraorbital foramen, the opening that provides passage for a sensory nerve to the forehead. The frontal bone is thickened just above each supraorbital margin,...

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Updated: Jun 25, 2026

A Morphometric and Cellular Analysis Method for the Murine Mandibular Condyle
08:07

A Morphometric and Cellular Analysis Method for the Murine Mandibular Condyle

Published on: January 11, 2018

Aneurysmal bone cyst located in the mandibular condyle.

Sandro Pelo1, Giulio Gasparini, Roberto Boniello

  • 1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Catholic University of S, Cuore, A. Gemelli Rome, Via G. Moscati 31/33, 00168 Rome, Italy. siocmf@hotmail.it

Head & Face Medicine
|February 18, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A rare aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC) in a child

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A Morphometric and Cellular Analysis Method for the Murine Mandibular Condyle
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Area of Science:

  • Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
  • Pediatric Oncology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Aneurysmal bone cysts (ABC) are rare, benign, expansile, osteolytic bone lesions.
  • While ABCs can occur in various bones, they are exceptionally rare in the craniofacial region, particularly the mandibular condyle.

Observation:

  • A 10-year-old boy presented with sudden swelling of the temporomandibular region.
  • Imaging revealed a rapidly growing mass with soft tissue invasion in the right mandibular condyle, mimicking a malignant lesion.
  • Histological examination confirmed a conventional vascular ABC.

Findings:

  • Complete surgical excision of the mandibular condyle was performed.
  • The lesion was characterized as a pseudocystic, osteolytic mass with blood-filled spaces and giant cells.
  • This case represents only the seventh reported instance of an ABC in the mandibular condyle.

Implications:

  • Complete surgical resection is the treatment of choice for mandibular condyle ABCs due to high recurrence rates.
  • Post-surgical management involved a functional device to aid ramus growth and compensate for the removed condyle.
  • This case highlights the importance of considering rare pathologies in pediatric temporomandibular joint swellings.