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Design and Implementation of an fMRI Study Examining Thought Suppression in Young Women with, and At-risk, for Depression
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Training forgetting of negative material in depression.

Jutta Joormann1, Paula T Hertel, Joelle LeMoult

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33124, USA. jjoormann@psy.miami.edu

Journal of Abnormal Psychology
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Cognitive strategy training helps individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD) forget negative memories. This approach aids recall, unlike unaided methods, suggesting a new therapeutic avenue for depression.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Clinical Psychology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Major depressive disorder (MDD) is often associated with difficulties in emotional regulation and memory retrieval.
  • Rumination on negative memories is a hallmark of depression, impacting cognitive function.
  • Understanding memory modification in depression is crucial for developing effective interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if cognitive strategy training can enhance the ability to forget negative information in individuals with MDD.
  • To compare the effectiveness of different cognitive strategies (unaided, positive substitute, negative substitute) in facilitating forgetting.
  • To examine differences in forgetting abilities between individuals with MDD and never-depressed controls.

Main Methods:

  • Participants with MDD and never-depressed controls learned cue-target word associations (neutral cue-positive/negative target).
  • Three conditions were tested: unaided forgetting, positive substitute, and negative substitute strategies.
  • Participants were instructed to suppress recall of negative targets using substitute strategies and later attempted recall when presented with cues.

Main Results:

  • MDD participants failed to forget negative words in the unaided condition, unlike controls.
  • Both positive and negative substitute strategies enabled MDD participants to forget negative words, showing a practice effect.
  • Negative substitute strategies did not improve forgetting in control participants.

Conclusions:

  • Cognitive strategy training can significantly improve the ability of individuals with MDD to forget negative memories.
  • The findings suggest that specific cognitive strategies can be trained to mitigate negative memory biases in depression.
  • This research offers a potential non-pharmacological approach for managing depressive symptoms by targeting memory processes.