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Metabolic syndrome and vascular risk in patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease

Anne L M Vlek1, Yolanda van der Graaf, Maayke A Sluman

  • 1Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.

Journal of Vascular Surgery
|February 19, 2009
PubMed

Insights

The metabolic syndrome significantly increases vascular event risk in peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD) patients. Weight management is key to reducing metabolic syndrome incidence and promoting its resolution, improving cardiovascular outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Metabolic Diseases
  • Vascular Medicine

Background:

  • Peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD) carries a high risk of cardiovascular events.
  • Metabolic syndrome is common in vascular disease patients, but its impact on cardiovascular events in PAOD is not well understood.
  • The dynamics of metabolic syndrome progression and regression in PAOD patients require further study.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the influence of metabolic syndrome on cardiovascular event risk in patients with symptomatic PAOD.
  • To examine the progression and regression of metabolic syndrome during follow-up in this patient cohort.
  • To assess the role of body mass index (BMI) in the development and resolution of metabolic syndrome.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 461 symptomatic PAOD patients from the SMART study were analyzed.
  • Vascular screening was performed at baseline and after a mean follow-up of 5.5 years.
  • Cox regression analysis was used to calculate hazard ratios for vascular events based on metabolic syndrome status (NCEP criteria).

Main Results:

  • The metabolic syndrome was associated with a 1.5-fold increased risk of vascular events (HR 1.51).
  • A decrease in BMI by 1 kg/m(2) significantly reduced the risk of developing metabolic syndrome (OR 0.77) and increased resolution (OR 1.32).
  • During follow-up, metabolic syndrome resolved in 16% and newly developed in 14% of patients.

Conclusions:

  • Metabolic syndrome is a significant risk factor for vascular events in PAOD patients.
  • Weight control, indicated by BMI reduction, is crucial for decreasing metabolic syndrome incidence and promoting its resolution.
  • Interventions targeting weight management may improve cardiovascular outcomes in PAOD patients with metabolic syndrome.
Abstract

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