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Evaluation of Hydration Status by Bioelectrical Impedance Vector Analysis in Patients with Ischemic Heart Disease Undergoing Exercise Stress Test

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Effect of hydration status on high-intensity rowing performance and immune function.

Michael A Penkman¹, Catherine J Field, Christopher M Sellar

¹Faculty of Physical Education and Recreation, Department of Agricultural, Food, and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.

International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance

|February 19, 2009

Summary

Dehydration and rehydration did not impact rowing performance in lightweight women but increased body temperature and altered immune cell counts post-exercise. Further research into immune responses is warranted.

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Area of Science:

Sports Science
Exercise Physiology
Immunology

Background:

Understanding the physiological impact of dehydration and rehydration is crucial for optimizing athletic performance.
Elite athletes, particularly in weight-class sports like rowing, often employ strategies that may lead to dehydration.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the effects of a dehydration and rehydration (DR) protocol on rowing performance, immune cell responses, and tympanic temperature.
To compare these effects against a euhydrated (E) condition in lightweight female rowers.

Main Methods:

Seven lightweight oarswomen participated in a randomized, cross-over trial design.
Two simulated 2000-m rowing races were conducted: one in a euhydrated state and another following a DR protocol (3.33% body mass loss, followed by rehydration).
Measurements included performance, tympanic temperature, and various blood immune cell parameters (leukocytes, lymphocytes, subsets, proliferation, oxidative burst).

Main Results:

The DR protocol induced a significant reduction in body mass and a greater change in tympanic temperature compared to the E condition.
Both conditions showed immune responses post-exercise, including increased leukocytes and lymphocytes, and decreased lymphocyte proliferation and neutrophil oxidative burst.
Blood leukocyte and neutrophil concentrations were higher after exercise in the DR trial, and certain immune markers remained depressed post-exercise in both conditions.

Conclusions:

Dehydration and rehydration did not impair 2000-m rowing performance in lightweight female rowers.
The DR protocol led to elevated tympanic temperature and differential changes in specific blood immune cell concentrations post-exercise compared to the euhydrated state.
The findings suggest that while performance may be maintained, physiological stress and immune alterations occur with DR protocols in this population.