Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Cerebral Edema ll: Pathophysiology01:22

Cerebral Edema ll: Pathophysiology

Vasogenic edema is a major form of cerebral edema characterized by abnormal accumulation of fluid in the brain’s extracellular space due to disruption of the blood–brain barrier (BBB). The BBB is a specialized structure composed of endothelial cells connected by tight junctions, supported by astrocytic endfeet and a basement membrane. Under normal conditions, it tightly regulates the movement of ions, proteins, and solutes between the bloodstream and brain parenchyma. When this barrier loses...
Cerebrospinal Fluid01:21

Cerebrospinal Fluid

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is a colorless liquid that flows around the brain and the spinal cord, playing a vital role in the protection, support, and overall function of the central nervous system (CNS). CSF production, circulation, and absorption are tightly regulated processes essential for the brain and spinal cord to function properly.
CSF Production
CSF is produced mainly in the choroid plexus, a network of capillaries and ependymal cells located within the ventricular system of the brain.
Cerebral Edema l: Introduction01:19

Cerebral Edema l: Introduction

Cerebral edema is a pathological increase in brain water content that disrupts intracranial pressure regulation and impairs neurological function. Because the cranial vault is rigid, even modest increases in tissue volume can compromise cerebral perfusion, distort neural structures, and initiate secondary injury. Cerebral edema develops through four principal mechanisms: vasogenic, cytotoxic, interstitial, and ionic.Vasogenic EdemaVasogenic edema arises from disruption of the blood–brain...
Increased Intracranial Pressure ll: Pathophysiology01:29

Increased Intracranial Pressure ll: Pathophysiology

Increased intracranial pressure (ICP) refers to a potentially life-threatening rise in pressure inside the skull. This usually happens when there is a major change in the volume of brain tissue, blood, or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) — the three components inside the skull. According to the Monro-Kellie doctrine, if the volume of one component increases, the volumes of the other components must decrease to maintain normal pressure. If this does not happen, ICP rises.The process often begins with...
Increased Intracranial Pressure l: Introduction01:14

Increased Intracranial Pressure l: Introduction

Intracranial hypertension is a sustained elevation of intracranial pressure (ICP) above 22 mm Hg. In supine adults, normal ICP is ~7–15 mm Hg.The rigid, nonexpandable cranium contains three components—brain tissue, blood, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)—that total ~1,700 mL in a typical adult: 1,400 mL brain (~80%), 150 mL blood (~10%), and 150 mL CSF (~10%). According to the Monro–Kellie doctrine, total intracranial volume is effectively fixed. When one component expands, CSF and venous blood...
Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology01:29

Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

A hemorrhagic stroke develops when a cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to escape into the surrounding brain tissue, as in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), or into the subarachnoid space, as in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Because the skull is a rigid compartment, the sudden presence of extravascular blood rapidly increases intracranial pressure and compresses adjacent neural structures, leading to immediate tissue injury and impaired cerebral perfusion.Mass Effect and Primary...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The role, evaluation, and effects of comorbidities in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis.

The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice·2026
Same author

Lost and Found: Is Olfactory Recovery More Promising After COVID-19 Than Other Causes, Even 2 Years Later?

International forum of allergy & rhinology·2026
Same author

Chronic Sinusitis With Orbitonasal Bony Defect.

JAMA otolaryngology-- head & neck surgery·2026
Same author

Uncovering Cystic Fibrosis Carrier: Insights From a Heterozygous CFTR-F508del Rabbit Model.

International forum of allergy & rhinology·2026
Same author

Multi-Layer Endoscopic Repair of Anterior Skull Base Defects.

Otolaryngologic clinics of North America·2026
Same author

Utilizing a publicly accessible automated machine learning platform to enable diagnosis before tumor surgery.

Communications medicine·2025
Same journal

Advances in patient-specific 3D-printed models in temporal bone surgery.

Current opinion in otolaryngology & head and neck surgery·2026
Same journal

Graduated autonomy in head and neck microvascular surgery fellowship training: oncologic and reconstructive competency, safety, and educational implications.

Current opinion in otolaryngology & head and neck surgery·2026
Same journal

Costs and system-wide considerations within head and neck reconstruction: moving toward a value-based care framework.

Current opinion in otolaryngology & head and neck surgery·2026
Same journal

Modern methods of dorsal augmentation rhinoplasty.

Current opinion in otolaryngology & head and neck surgery·2026
Same journal

Flap selection for circumferential pharyngeal reconstruction.

Current opinion in otolaryngology & head and neck surgery·2026
Same journal

Improving facial scar outcomes: an evidence-based update.

Current opinion in otolaryngology & head and neck surgery·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 25, 2026

Intrathecal Application of a Fluorescent Dye for the Identification of Cerebrospinal Fluid Leaks in Cochlear Malformation
06:59

Intrathecal Application of a Fluorescent Dye for the Identification of Cerebrospinal Fluid Leaks in Cochlear Malformation

Published on: February 29, 2020

Spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid leaks.

Bradford A Woodworth1, James N Palmer

  • 1Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.

Current Opinion in Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery
|February 20, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks are often recurrent. Management is improved by addressing elevated intracranial pressure alongside endoscopic repair, leading to better outcomes for patients with CSF leaks.

More Related Videos

An Improved Method for Collection of Cerebrospinal Fluid from Anesthetized Mice
06:40

An Improved Method for Collection of Cerebrospinal Fluid from Anesthetized Mice

Published on: March 19, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 25, 2026

Intrathecal Application of a Fluorescent Dye for the Identification of Cerebrospinal Fluid Leaks in Cochlear Malformation
06:59

Intrathecal Application of a Fluorescent Dye for the Identification of Cerebrospinal Fluid Leaks in Cochlear Malformation

Published on: February 29, 2020

An Improved Method for Collection of Cerebrospinal Fluid from Anesthetized Mice
06:40

An Improved Method for Collection of Cerebrospinal Fluid from Anesthetized Mice

Published on: March 19, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Neurosurgery
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks present significant clinical management challenges due to high recurrence rates after surgical repair.
  • Recent understanding links these leaks to elevated intracranial pressure (ICP) and identifies a distinct patient demographic.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the demographic characteristics, clinical presentation, radiologic findings, and management strategies for spontaneous CSF leaks.
  • To emphasize the importance of understanding elevated intracranial pressure in managing these challenging cases.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on spontaneous CSF leaks.
  • Discussion of pathophysiology, diagnostic signs of elevated ICP, and surgical techniques.
  • Analysis of preoperative identification, operative procedures, and postoperative ICP management.

Main Results:

  • Successful management of spontaneous CSF leaks is achievable with a combined approach.
  • Controlling elevated intracranial pressure alongside endoscopic repair significantly improves success rates.
  • Preoperative identification of signs like empty sella and optimized postoperative ICP management are crucial.

Conclusions:

  • Spontaneous CSF leaks require a comprehensive management strategy.
  • Addressing elevated intracranial pressure is key to reducing recurrence and improving patient outcomes.
  • Updated knowledge of patient demographics and management techniques enhances treatment success.