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Fecal Microbiota Transplantation via Colonoscopy for Recurrent C. difficile Infection

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Antimicrobial therapy for acute colonic diverticulitis.

Matthew C Byrnes¹, John E Mazuski

¹Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri 63110-1093, USA.

Surgical Infections

|February 20, 2009

Summary

Current acute diverticulitis treatment guidelines lack specific antibiotic recommendations. Further clinical studies are needed to determine optimal antibiotic regimens for this common gastrointestinal condition.

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Area of Science:

Gastroenterology
Infectious Diseases
Pharmacology

Background:

Acute diverticulitis diagnosis and surgical management are well-established.
Antibiotic selection for acute diverticulitis treatment remains under-evaluated in existing literature.
This review focuses on antimicrobial agents for acute diverticulitis.

Purpose of the Study:

To systematically review the literature on antibiotic selection for acute diverticulitis.
To assess the evidence supporting specific antimicrobial agents in treating acute diverticulitis.
To identify gaps in knowledge regarding optimal antibiotic therapy.

Main Methods:

Conducted a MEDLINE search for relevant studies.
Included original research, review papers, and guidelines.
Focused on antimicrobial agents used in acute diverticulitis treatment.

Main Results:

General recommendation for antibiotics with gram-negative and anaerobic coverage persists.
Multiple antibiotic regimens offer necessary coverage, but none show superiority.
Intravenous antibiotics are recommended for hospitalized patients; oral for outpatients or improving patients.
Optimal duration of antibiotic therapy is not well-defined.

Conclusions:

Clinical studies are essential for evaluating antibiotic regimens in acute diverticulitis.
Current antibiotic choices rely on indirect evidence and in vitro data.
Further research is needed to establish evidence-based antibiotic selection criteria.