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Updated: Jun 25, 2026

In Vivo Morphometric Analysis of Human Cranial Nerves Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Menière's Disease Ears and Normal Hearing Ears
Published on: February 21, 2018
[Vertigo in neurological diseases]
1Fovárosi Onkormányzat, Egyesített Szent István es Szent László Kórház-Rendelointézet, Rehabilitációs Centrum, H-1195 Budapest. fazekasbonzo@gmail.com
Abstract:
Peripheral and central vestibular syndromes are characterized by the combination of the four symptoms such as: vertigo, nystagmus, imbalance and nausea. Vertigo is the disturbance of the cortico-spatial orientation. Nystagmus is regarded as a secondary symptom caused by direction specific disequilibrium of the vestibulo-ocular reflex. Imbalance is caused by the abnormal activation of vestibulo-spinal pathways. Nausea is due to the activation of the medullary vomiting center. It is important that clinicians can establish an adequate diagnosis and differentiate vertigo and dizziness. The author--without the aim of completeness--discusses the types of vertigo caused by the most important disorders of the central nervous system, emphasizing the role of general practitioners in the diagnostic and therapeutic algorhytm.
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