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Metallic Solids02:37

Metallic Solids

Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability. Many...
Ionic Crystal Structures02:42

Ionic Crystal Structures

Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...
Structures of Solids02:22

Structures of Solids

Solids in which the atoms, ions, or molecules are arranged in a definite repeating pattern are known as crystalline solids. Metals and ionic compounds typically form ordered, crystalline solids. A crystalline solid has a precise melting temperature because each atom or molecule of the same type is held in place with the same forces or energy. Amorphous solids or non-crystalline solids (or, sometimes, glasses) which lack an ordered internal structure and are randomly arranged. Substances that...
Lattice Centering and Coordination Number02:33

Lattice Centering and Coordination Number

The structure of a crystalline solid, whether a metal or not, is best described by considering its simplest repeating unit, which is referred to as its unit cell. The unit cell consists of lattice points that represent the locations of atoms or ions. The entire structure then consists of this unit cell repeating in three dimensions. The three different types of unit cells present in the cubic lattice are illustrated in Figure 1.
Types of Unit Cells
Imagine taking a large number of identical...
Adsorption Isotherms II01:25

Adsorption Isotherms II

Brunauer, Emmett, and Teller (BET) introduced a theory in 1938 that modified Langmuir's assumptions to explain multilayer physical adsorption. This theory is applicable to Type II isotherms and provides a more realistic picture of adsorption processes. The BET theory assumes a uniform solid surface with localized adsorption sites, where adsorption at one site doesn't affect adsorption at neighboring sites. This theory also allows for the possibility of additional molecules being adsorbed on top...
Adsorption Isotherms I01:29

Adsorption Isotherms I

Adsorption isotherms are mathematical models that describe how molecules in a gas or liquid phase interact with surfaces. Two of the most common isotherm models are the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms, which relate to Type I monolayer chemisorption. The Langmuir model is based on four key assumptions:• Adsorption cannot exceed monolayer coverage.• All surface sites are equivalent.• Molecules adsorb only at vacant sites.• There are no interactions between adsorbed molecules.Consider the...

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Ligand Nano-cluster Arrays in a Supported Lipid Bilayer
10:34

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Published on: April 23, 2017

Hexagonal close-packed array formed by selective adsorption onto hexagonal patterns.

N Matsukawa1, K Nishio, K Sano

  • 1Advanced Technology Research Laboratories, Panasonic, 3-4 Hikaridai, Seika-cho, Soraku-gun, Kyoto 619-0237, Japan.

Langmuir : the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids
|February 21, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers created ordered ferritin arrays on titanium surfaces using specific binding peptides. This self-assembly method achieved optimal ordering by controlling pH for selective peptide adsorption onto titanium, not silicon dioxide.

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Atomically Traceable Nanostructure Fabrication
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Atomically Traceable Nanostructure Fabrication
12:35

Atomically Traceable Nanostructure Fabrication

Published on: July 17, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Engineering
  • Nanotechnology
  • Surface Chemistry

Background:

  • Self-assembly is a key strategy for creating ordered nanomaterials.
  • Controlling surface interactions is crucial for precise nanostructure formation.
  • Ferritin's unique structure allows for genetic modification and controlled assembly.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To create a patterned, hexagonally ordered array of ferritin molecules on a titanium surface.
  • To investigate the role of genetically modified titanium-specific binding peptides (minT1-LF) in self-assembly.
  • To optimize the self-assembly process by controlling surface selectivity and pH.

Main Methods:

  • Genetic modification of ferritin with titanium-specific binding peptides (minT1-LF).
  • Fabrication of hexagonal titanium (Ti) thin film islands on silicon substrates.
  • Self-assembly of modified ferritin onto Ti islands.
  • Quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) measurements to assess adsorption properties.
  • Optimization of pH for selective peptide adsorption.

Main Results:

  • A patterned two-dimensional hexagonally ordered array of ferritin molecules was successfully realized.
  • Optimal ordering was achieved at a specific pH, maximizing minT1-LF selectivity for Ti over silicon dioxide (SiO2).
  • QCM data showed strong, irreversible minT1-LF adsorption on Ti and weak, reversible adsorption on SiO2.
  • High concentration of minT1-LF on the Ti pattern promoted hexagonal close-packed ordering and axis alignment.

Conclusions:

  • Self-assembly of genetically modified ferritin using minT1-LF peptides provides a viable method for creating ordered nanomaterials on patterned surfaces.
  • Surface chemistry and pH control are critical parameters for achieving selective adsorption and high-degree ordering.
  • The strong affinity of minT1-LF for titanium enables precise control over ferritin array formation, with potential applications in nanotechnology and biomaterials.