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Cascade removal and microPET imaging with 76Br.

Richard Laforest1, Xiaodong Liu

  • 1Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA. laforestr@wustl.edu

Physics in Medicine and Biology
|February 21, 2009
PubMed
Summary

This study evaluates bromine-76 (76Br) for small animal PET imaging, addressing limitations like reduced spatial resolution. Findings show 76Br can achieve 2 mm resolution, crucial for accurate activity concentration measurements.

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Area of Science:

  • Nuclear medicine
  • Medical imaging
  • Radiochemistry

Background:

  • Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging faces challenges with non-standard nuclides due to positron range and gamma ray emissions, impacting spatial resolution and quantitation.
  • High-resolution small animal PET imaging is particularly sensitive to these limitations, hindering accurate activity concentration measurements.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the performance of bromine-76 (76Br) for high-resolution small animal PET imaging.
  • To develop and assess a model for correcting fortuitous cascade gamma ray coincidences with 76Br.
  • To determine the achievable spatial resolution and characterize the point spread function for 76Br imaging.

Main Methods:

  • Imaging of specifically designed phantoms using a high-resolution small animal PET scanner.
  • Development of a model to calculate and remove coincidental gamma ray events.
  • Application of filtered back projection (FBP) algorithm for image reconstruction.
  • Analysis of the point spread function (PSF) using a double Gaussian fit.

Main Results:

  • Achieved 2 mm spatial resolution with 76Br, comparable to 1.7 mm with fluorine-18 (18F) despite 76Br's higher positron energy.
  • Demonstrated the effectiveness of the developed model in addressing gamma ray coincidence issues.
  • Characterized the PSF of 76Br, explaining the long tail attributed to high-energy positrons.

Conclusions:

  • 76Br is a viable nuclide for high-resolution small animal PET imaging, offering acceptable spatial resolution.
  • Accurate correction for partial volume effects and precise activity concentration measurements are achievable with 76Br.
  • The developed coincidence correction model is essential for optimizing 76Br PET imaging quantitation.