Lanthanide (III) salt complexes: arrayed acid-base networks for enantioselective catalysis. The nitroaldol reaction
José M Saá1, Fernando Tur, José González
1Departament de Química, Universitat de les Illes Balears, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain. jmsaa@uib.es
Abstract:
Shelf stable, chiral-at-metal, D(3) symmetric, 3:1 complexes of lanthanide (III) triflate salts are easily available by complexation with binolam (3,3'-diethylaminomethyl-2,2'-dihydroxy-1,1'-dinaphthalene) 1 or binolamo (3,3'-diethylaminooxymethyl-2,2'-dihydroxy-1,1'-dinaphthalene) 2 ligands. The resulting compounds 3Ln and 4Ln are isostructural, as demonstrated by their spectroscopic data, and possess an arrayed acid-base LABABB network. Complexes are kinetically labile, and in solution undergo hydrolysis by water. The lanthanum complex derived from binolam, i.e., (Delta,S,S,S)- (binolam)(3).la(OTf)(3)3La was found to be the most active catalyst in promoting direct nitroaldol reactions upon aldehydes and trifluoromethyl ketones, thereby giving rise to secondary nitroalcohols and tertiary alpha-trifluoromethyl-beta-nitroalcohols, respectively, with high ee in both cases. Enantiomerically enriched tertiary nitroalcohols were easily reduced to the corresponding aminoalcohols having a quaternary asymmetric carbon without loss of enantiomeric purity.
More Related Videos
06:31Preparation of SNS Cobalt(II) Pincer Model Complexes of Liver Alcohol Dehydrogenase
Published on: March 19, 2020
06:31Highly Stereoselective Synthesis of 1,6-Ketoesters Mediated by Ionic Liquids: A Three-component Reaction Enabling Rapid Access to a New Class of Low Molecular Weight Gelators
Published on: November 27, 2015
Related Concept Videos
α-Alkylation of Ketones via Enolate Ions
Acid-Catalyzed Aldol Addition Reaction
Acid-Catalyzed α-Halogenation of Aldehydes and Ketones
In the first step of the mechanism, the acid protonates the carbonyl oxygen resulting in a resonance-stabilized cation, which subsequently loses an α-hydrogen to form an enol tautomer. The C=C bond in an enol is highly nucleophilic because of the electron-donating nature of the –OH group. Consequently, the double bond attacks an electrophilic halogen to form a...
Preparation of Aldehydes and Ketones from Nitriles and Carboxylic Acids
Reducing carboxylic acid derivatives like acyl chlorides (RCOCl), esters (RCO2R′), and nitriles (RCN) using milder aluminum hydride agents like lithium tri-tert-butoxyaluminum hydride [LiAlH(O-t-Bu)3] and diisobutylaluminum hydride [DIBAL-H] allows...
Synthesis of α-Substituted Carbonyl Compounds: The Stork Enamine Reaction
Aldol Condensation with β-Diesters: Knoevenagel Condensation
