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Related Concept Videos

Autoimmune Disorders01:29

Autoimmune Disorders

Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, and organs. This results from an overactive immune response against substances and tissues normally present in the body. Let's delve into the concept and mechanism of autoimmune diseases from an immune system point of view, explore different causes and examples of such diseases, and discuss potential solutions.
Concept and Mechanism of Autoimmune Diseases
The immune system...
Allergic Reactions02:06

Allergic Reactions

Overview
Allergic Drug Reactions01:27

Allergic Drug Reactions

Allergic reactions related to drugs are hypersensitivity responses driven by the immune system and bear no connection to the drug's therapeutic action. While drugs in isolation do not trigger an immune response, they can interact with endogenous proteins to form antigens. These antigens stimulate lymphocytes to produce antibodies. IgE-type antibodies attach themselves to mast cells. Upon subsequent exposure to the same stimulus, the antigen-antibody interaction is initiated, unleashing numerous...
Cross-reactivity00:42

Cross-reactivity

Overview
Drug Toxicity: Allergic Reactions01:30

Drug Toxicity: Allergic Reactions

Drug-related allergies are immune-mediated responses triggered by the administration of pharmacological agents. These hypersensitivity reactions are classified based on the immune mechanisms involved. The four primary types—Type I, II, III, and IV—are mediated by different immunological pathways and exhibit distinct clinical manifestations.Type I Hypersensitivity/ IgE-Mediated Reactions: Immunoglobulin E (IgE) immediately mediates Type I hypersensitivity reactions. Upon initial exposure to a...
Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis01:30

Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis

Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction mediated by Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies. When IgE binds to allergens, it triggers the release of mediators– histamine, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins from mast cells and basophils. These mediators cause vasodilation, edema, and inflammation, leading to various symptoms.The primary allergens causing anaphylaxis include food items (e.g., peanuts, shellfish), drugs (e.g., penicillin, asparaginase, corticotropin, heparin),...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 25, 2026

Antigenic Liposomes for Generation of Disease-specific Antibodies
10:31

Antigenic Liposomes for Generation of Disease-specific Antibodies

Published on: October 25, 2018

Linking allergy to autoimmune disease.

Rudolf Valenta1, Irene Mittermann, Thomas Werfel

  • 1Division of Immunopathology, Department of Pathophysiology, Center for Physiology and Pathophysiology, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria. rudolf.valenta@meduniwien.ac.at

Trends in Immunology
|February 24, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Type I allergy may involve autoimmune mechanisms. Autoimmunity can drive chronic allergic inflammation even without allergen exposure, linking allergies to autoimmune diseases.

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Immunofluorescent Labeling in Nasal Mucosa Tissue Sections of Allergic Rhinitis Rats via Multicolor Immunoassay

Published on: September 22, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Allergy Research
  • Autoimmunity Studies

Background:

  • Type I allergy is a Th2-driven hypersensitivity involving IgE and environmental allergens.
  • Allergic inflammation typically results from mast cell degranulation upon allergen exposure.
  • Chronic allergic inflammation can persist without exogenous allergen exposure, mimicking Th1 responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the potential role of autoimmune mechanisms in allergic inflammation.
  • To investigate how IgE recognition of autoantigens influences allergic responses.
  • To examine the link between autoimmunity and chronic inflammation in allergy.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing evidence on allergy and autoimmunity.
  • Analysis of immune responses in the absence of exogenous allergens.
  • Examination of Th1 and Th2 immune pathways in allergic conditions.

Main Results:

  • Autoimmune mechanisms may contribute to allergic inflammation.
  • IgE recognition of autoantigens can exacerbate allergic inflammation.
  • Autoantigens activating Th1 responses may drive chronic inflammation in allergy.

Conclusions:

  • Autoimmunity is a potential factor in persistent allergic inflammation.
  • The study links allergic diseases to autoimmune processes.
  • Understanding these links may offer new therapeutic targets for allergy.