Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Autonomic Nervous System

Autonomic Nervous System

The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is a critical component of the peripheral nervous system, primarily responsible for regulating involuntary bodily functions and maintaining homeostasis. It functions in tandem with the central nervous system (CNS) to seamlessly coordinate various physiological processes without the need for conscious control.
The ANS comprises two main divisions: the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions. These divisions function antagonistically to maintain a dynamic...

Neural Regulation

Neural Regulation

Digestion begins with a cephalic phase that prepares the digestive system to receive food. When our brain processes visual or olfactory information about food, it triggers impulses in the cranial nerves innervating the salivary glands and stomach to prepare for food.

Regulation of Heart Rates

Regulation of Heart Rates

The regulation of heart rate is a complex process controlled by the autonomic nervous system (ANS), hormonal influences, and intrinsic cardiac mechanisms. The ANS has two main components: the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and the parasympathetic nervous system (PNS).
The SNS increases heart rate through the release of norepinephrine and epinephrine, which act on beta-1 adrenergic receptors in the heart. This action increases the rate of depolarization in the sinoatrial (SA) node, the heart's...

Endoscopic Procedures I: Esophagogastroduodenoscopy

Endoscopic Procedures I: Esophagogastroduodenoscopy

An Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) is a diagnostic procedure in which an endoscopist uses a flexible, lighted endoscope to visualize the upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The procedure includes visualizing the oropharynx, esophagus, stomach, and the first part of the small intestine, the duodenum.
During an EGD, the endoscope can be used to:

Autoregulation of Blood Flow

Autoregulation of Blood Flow

Autoregulation mechanisms are characterized by their inherent capacity for self-regulation without necessitating specific nervous stimulation or endocrine control. These mechanisms facilitate the adjustment of blood flow and, therefore, perfusion specific to each tissue region. This self-regulation encompasses chemical signals and myogenic controls.
Chemical Signaling in Autoregulation
Chemical signaling operates at the precapillary sphincter level, inciting either contraction or relaxation.

Parasympathetic Division of the ANS

Parasympathetic Division of the ANS

The parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) regulates rest and digestion functions in the body. It works in opposition to the sympathetic division, promoting relaxation, conservation of energy, and digestion. The parasympathetic division consists of preganglionic fibers originating from specific cranial nerves (III, VII, IX, X) and the sacral spinal nerves (S2-S4). These fibers synapse with postganglionic neurons in the terminal ganglia, innervating various organs and...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

GWAS of Second-Generation Antihistamine Use: Locus Specificity and Highlighted Signalling Pathways.

Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology·2026

Same author

Cavity Controls Core-to-Core Resonant Inelastic X-Ray Scattering.

Physical review letters·2026

Same author

Oxidative modulation of Piezo1 channels.

Redox biology·2025

Same author

Effect of surface properties and NiO-MgO solid solution formation on CO<sub>2</sub> methanation over Ni/(Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>)<sub>1-x</sub>(MgO)<sub>x</sub>.

Environmental technology·2025

Same author

Response to the letter entitled "Which treatments are effective in preventing motor vehicle accidents in patients with obstructive sleep apnea?"

Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung·2023

Same author

Outcome of transcatheter atrial septal defect closure in a nationwide cohort.

Annals of medicine·2023

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 25, 2026

Fabrication and Implantation of Miniature Dual-element Strain Gages for Measuring In Vivo Gastrointestinal Contractions in Rodents.

Fabrication and Implantation of Miniature Dual-element Strain Gages for Measuring In Vivo Gastrointestinal Contractions in Rodents.

Published on: September 18, 2014

Cardiac autonomic regulation during gastroscopy.

M Ristikankare¹, R Julkunen, M Heikkinen

¹Laakso Hospital, City of Helsinki Health Centre, 00099 Helsinki, Finland. matti.ristikankare@kolumbus.fi

Digestive and Liver Disease : Official Journal of the Italian Society of Gastroenterology and the Italian Association for the Study of the Liver

|February 24, 2009

Summary

Gastroscopy increases sympathetic cardiac activity. Midazolam sedation significantly amplifies this effect, impacting heart rate variability during the procedure.

More Related Videos

Quantitative Autonomic Testing

Quantitative Autonomic Testing

Published on: July 19, 2011

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 25, 2026

Fabrication and Implantation of Miniature Dual-element Strain Gages for Measuring In Vivo Gastrointestinal Contractions in Rodents.

Fabrication and Implantation of Miniature Dual-element Strain Gages for Measuring In Vivo Gastrointestinal Contractions in Rodents.

Published on: September 18, 2014

Quantitative Autonomic Testing

Quantitative Autonomic Testing

Published on: July 19, 2011

Area of Science:

Cardiology
Autonomic Nervous System Regulation
Gastroenterology

Background:

Gastroscopy procedures are sometimes linked to adverse cardiovascular events.
Understanding the impact of sedation and anesthesia on cardiac function during gastroscopy is crucial for patient safety.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the effects of sedation and pharyngeal anesthesia on cardiac autonomic regulation during gastroscopy.
To compare the impact of midazolam sedation versus lidocaine pharyngeal anesthesia on heart rate variability.

Main Methods:

A study involving 213 outpatients undergoing gastroscopy.
Patients were divided into four groups: midazolam sedation, lidocaine anesthesia, placebo, and control.
Continuous electrocardiogram monitoring and heart rate variability analysis were performed.

Main Results:

Gastroscopy induced sympathetic nervous system activation and reduced vagal modulation, indicated by changes in heart rate variability components.
Midazolam sedation significantly potentiated this sympathetic shift compared to lidocaine, placebo, and control groups.
Overall heart rate variability decreased, particularly in the midazolam group.

Conclusions:

Gastroscopy shifts cardiac autonomic control towards sympathetic dominance.
Midazolam premedication exacerbates this sympathetic shift, highlighting potential cardiovascular risks.