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Black-white differences in newborn anthropometric measurements.
R L Goldenberg1, S P Cliver, G R Cutter
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alabama, Birmingham.
Obstetrics and Gynecology
|November 1, 1991
Summary
Black infants are born with lower birth weights than white infants. Race is a significant factor influencing newborn size, affecting weight, length, and head circumference.
Area of Science:
- Perinatal Medicine
- Neonatology
- Pediatric Health Disparities
Background:
- Black infants consistently exhibit lower mean birth weights compared to white infants.
- Previous research indicates a significant racial disparity in birth outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the specific impact of black race on various newborn anthropometric measurements.
- To quantify the contribution of race to differences in birth weight and body composition.
Main Methods:
- Regression analyses were employed to assess the effect of black race on newborn measurements.
- The study included 1205 term newborns, adjusting for known risk factors.
- Anthropometric measurements included weight, length, head, chest, and abdominal circumferences, and skinfold thickness.
Main Results:
- Black race was associated with a mean decrease of 148 g in weight and 0.52 cm in length.
- Significant reductions were observed in head, chest, and abdominal circumferences for black newborns.
- While arm and leg lengths were similar, black infants had larger arm circumferences and smaller subscapular skinfold values.
Conclusions:
- Intrinsic and/or extrinsic factors linked to race significantly influence smaller newborn measurements in black infants.
- Race accounts for a substantial portion of the observed racial differences in birth weight.
- These findings highlight the complex interplay of factors contributing to racial disparities in infant anthropometry.