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Related Concept Videos

Assembly of Signaling Complexes01:30

Assembly of Signaling Complexes

Multiprotein signaling complexes are formed in a dynamic process involving protein-protein interactions at the cytoplasmic domain of transmembrane receptors or enzymatic and non-enzymatic proteins associated with the receptor. These complexes ensure the activation and propagation of intracellular signals that regulate cell functions.
Interaction domains in cell signaling
Interaction domains recognize exposed features of their binding partners containing post-translationally modified sequences,...
Covalently Linked Protein Regulators02:04

Covalently Linked Protein Regulators

Proteins can undergo many types of post-translational modifications, often in response to changes in their environment. These modifications play an important role in the function and stability of these proteins. Covalently linked molecules include functional groups, such as methyl, acetyl, and phosphate groups, and also small proteins, such as ubiquitin. There are around 200 different types of covalent regulators that have been identified.
These groups modify specific amino acids in a protein.
Covalently Linked Protein Regulators02:04

Covalently Linked Protein Regulators

Proteins can undergo many types of post-translational modifications, often in response to changes in their environment. These modifications play an important role in the function and stability of these proteins. Covalently linked molecules include functional groups, such as methyl, acetyl, and phosphate groups, and also small proteins, such as ubiquitin. There are around 200 different types of covalent regulators that have been identified.
These groups modify specific amino acids in a protein.
Calmodulin-dependent Signaling01:16

Calmodulin-dependent Signaling

Calmodulin (CaM) is a calcium-binding protein in eukaryotes that controls various calcium-regulated cellular processes. It has four calcium-binding sites that bind calcium to form the calcium-calmodulin ( Ca2+-CaM) complex. GPCR stimulation increases the calcium levels in the cells that bind to CaM and induces a conformational change.
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Amplifying Signals via Enzymatic Cascade01:22

Amplifying Signals via Enzymatic Cascade

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IP3/DAG Signaling Pathway01:11

IP3/DAG Signaling Pathway

Membrane lipids such as phosphatidylinositol (PI) are precursors for several membrane-bound and soluble second messengers. Specific kinases phosphorylate PI and produce phosphorylated inositol phospholipids. One such inositol phospholipids are the  phosphatidylinositol-4,5 bisphosphate [PI(4,5)P2], present in the inner half of the lipid bilayer. Upon ligand binding, GPCR stimulates Gq proteins to turn on phospholipase Cꞵ. Activated phospholipase Cꞵ cleaves PI(4,5)P2 and produces two-second...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 25, 2026

Detection of Protein Palmitoylation in Cultured Hippocampal Neurons by Immunoprecipitation and Acyl-Biotin Exchange (ABE)
16:33

Detection of Protein Palmitoylation in Cultured Hippocampal Neurons by Immunoprecipitation and Acyl-Biotin Exchange (ABE)

Published on: February 18, 2013

Dynamic protein palmitoylation in cellular signaling.

Tsuyoshi Iwanaga1, Ryouhei Tsutsumi, Jun Noritake

  • 1Division of Membrane Physiology, Department of Cell Physiology, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787, Japan.

Progress in Lipid Research
|February 24, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Protein S-palmitoylation, a reversible lipid modification, regulates protein movement and function. DHHC enzymes catalyze this process, impacting cellular homeostasis and plasticity.

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Detection of Protein S-Acylation using Acyl-Resin Assisted Capture
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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 25, 2026

Detection of Protein Palmitoylation in Cultured Hippocampal Neurons by Immunoprecipitation and Acyl-Biotin Exchange (ABE)
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Detection of Protein Palmitoylation in Cultured Hippocampal Neurons by Immunoprecipitation and Acyl-Biotin Exchange (ABE)

Published on: February 18, 2013

Optimized Incorporation of Alkynyl Fatty Acid Analogs for the Detection of Fatty Acylated Proteins using Click Chemistry
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Detection of Protein S-Acylation using Acyl-Resin Assisted Capture
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Detection of Protein S-Acylation using Acyl-Resin Assisted Capture

Published on: April 10, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Protein S-palmitoylation is a prevalent lipid modification involving the addition of palmitate.
  • This reversible modification regulates protein trafficking and cellular functions.
  • Palmitate cycling is crucial for cellular homeostasis and plasticity, influenced by physiological stimuli.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the role of DHHC family proteins as palmitoyl acyl transferases.
  • To understand the molecular machinery governing protein palmitoylation.
  • To explore the impact of palmitoylation on diverse cellular functions.

Main Methods:

  • Advanced proteomics
  • Live-cell imaging
  • Molecular genetics

Main Results:

  • DHHC family proteins identified as key enzymes for protein palmitoylation.
  • Demonstration of the reversible nature of palmitoylation and its regulation.
  • Insights into the molecular mechanisms of palmitoylation in various cellular processes.

Conclusions:

  • DHHC proteins are essential palmitoyl acyl transferases.
  • Protein palmitoylation is a dynamic regulatory mechanism.
  • Integrated approaches are vital for understanding palmitoylation's cellular roles.