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Related Concept Videos

Deglutition01:25

Deglutition

Swallowing, otherwise known as deglutition, facilitates the transport of food from the mouth to the stomach. It is a multifaceted process that involves both the tongue and the muscles of the throat and esophagus. Saliva and mucus aid in this process, which takes approximately 4 to 8 seconds for semi-solid or solid food and around 1 second for liquids or very soft food.
Swallowing can be divided into three stages: the voluntary phase, the pharyngeal phase, and the esophageal phase. Although the...
Salivary Glands and Saliva01:23

Salivary Glands and Saliva

The salivary glands, of which there are three pairs known as the parotid, submandibular, and sublingual glands, play a crucial role in maintaining oral health and initiating the digestive process. Positioned near the ears, beneath the masseter muscle, the parotid glands secrete saliva into the oral cavity through the parotid duct of Stensen. Meanwhile, the submandibular glands, located on the floor of the mouth, secrete saliva through channels named submandibular ducts. The sublingual glands,...
Suctioning the Oropharyngeal Airway01:25

Suctioning the Oropharyngeal Airway

In preparing for oropharyngeal airway suctioning, a nurse must gather all necessary equipment, including a suction unit with tubing, a prepackaged suction kit, sterile gloves, water or saline for irrigation, a water-soluble lubricant, and additional personal protective equipment (such as a gown, mask, and goggles) to control infections.
After assembling the equipment, the nurse should practice hand hygiene and don appropriate PPE according to infection control guidelines to avoid the...
Oral Cavity01:11

Oral Cavity

The oral cavity, or the mouth, is a complex structure in humans that plays a vital role in our day-to-day lives. Its role is not only in chewing and swallowing food; it also plays a role in speech and facial expressions.
Teeth: The teeth are the hardest structures in our bodies. Humans have two sets of teeth throughout their lifetime: deciduous (baby) teeth and permanent teeth. Each tooth consists of several parts: the crown (visible part), the root (embedded in the jaw), enamel (hard outer...
Regulation of Water Intake01:25

Regulation of Water Intake

Osmolality refers to the number of solute particles per kilogram of solvent in a solution. Plasma osmolality specifically indicates the total number of solute particles per kilogram of water in blood plasma. This value reflects the body's hydration status and is tightly regulated through mechanisms controlling water intake and output. While water consumption is a conscious decision, the body has intrinsic regulatory systems to maintain fluid balance. Dehydration, a state of water deficit...
Teeth01:15

Teeth

The formation of teeth, also known as odontogenesis, is a complex process that begins in utero, around the sixth week of embryonic development. There are three stages to this process: the bud stage, the cap stage, and the bell stage.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 25, 2026

Ultrasound-guided Botulinum Toxin-A Injections: A Method of Treating Sialorrhea
07:05

Ultrasound-guided Botulinum Toxin-A Injections: A Method of Treating Sialorrhea

Published on: November 9, 2016

Drooling.

Crispian Scully1, Jacobo Limeres, Michael Gleeson

  • 1Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, London, UK.

Journal of Oral Pathology & Medicine : Official Publication of the International Association of Oral Pathologists and the American Academy of Oral Pathology
|February 25, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Drooling, often caused by neurological issues, impacts quality of life. Management requires assessing severity and considering various treatments, though none are without side effects.

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Last Updated: Jun 25, 2026

Ultrasound-guided Botulinum Toxin-A Injections: A Method of Treating Sialorrhea
07:05

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Published on: November 9, 2016

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Published on: April 22, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Otolaryngology
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Drooling, or saliva overflow, stems primarily from neurological disturbances or hypersalivation.
  • It presents significant functional and clinical challenges for patients, families, and caregivers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and emphasize the clinical aspects of assessing and managing drooling.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature review was conducted.
  • Searched electronic databases (Medline, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library) for papers and clinical reviews on drooling over the past 40 years.
  • Included studies in any language.

Main Results:

  • Drooling severity and its impact on quality of life are crucial for prognosis and treatment decisions.
  • Treatment strategies encompass conservative measures, medication, radiation, and surgery, often requiring combination therapy.

Conclusions:

  • Chronic drooling is a persistent clinical challenge.
  • While treatments show acceptable results, all carry potential undesirable effects.