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Related Concept Videos

Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation02:19

Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation

The biological clock is involved in many aspects of regulating complex physiology in all animals. It was in 1935 when German zoologists, Hans Kalmus and Erwin Bünning, discovered the existence of circadian rhythm in Drosophila melanogaster. However, the internal molecular mechanisms behind the circadian clock remained a mystery until 1984, when Jeffrey C. Hall, Michael Rosbash, and Michael W. Young discovered the expression of the Per gene oscillating over a 24-hour cycle. In subsequent years,...
Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation02:19

Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation

The biological clock is involved in many aspects of regulating complex physiology in all animals. It was in 1935 when German zoologists, Hans Kalmus and Erwin Bünning, discovered the existence of circadian rhythm in Drosophila melanogaster. However, the internal molecular mechanisms behind the circadian clock remained a mystery until 1984, when Jeffrey C. Hall, Michael Rosbash, and Michael W. Young discovered the expression of the Per gene oscillating over a 24-hour cycle. In subsequent years,...
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Chronopharmacokinetics: Circadian Rhythms and Influence on Drug Response

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 25, 2026

Collecting Sleep, Circadian, Fatigue, and Performance Data in Complex Operational Environments
08:36

Collecting Sleep, Circadian, Fatigue, and Performance Data in Complex Operational Environments

Published on: August 8, 2019

Some chronobiological and physiological problems associated with long-distance journeys.

Thomas Reilly1, Jim Waterhouse, Benjamin Edwards

  • 1Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Henry Cotton Campus, 15-21 Webster Street, Liverpool L3 2ET, UK.

Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease
|February 25, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Long-distance travel causes travel fatigue due to routine changes and environmental shifts. Awareness and preparation are key to mitigating these travel-related health challenges.

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Human Circadian Phenotyping and Diurnal Performance Testing in the Real World
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Human Circadian Phenotyping and Diurnal Performance Testing in the Real World

Published on: April 7, 2020

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Last Updated: Jun 25, 2026

Collecting Sleep, Circadian, Fatigue, and Performance Data in Complex Operational Environments
08:36

Collecting Sleep, Circadian, Fatigue, and Performance Data in Complex Operational Environments

Published on: August 8, 2019

Human Circadian Phenotyping and Diurnal Performance Testing in the Real World
10:16

Human Circadian Phenotyping and Diurnal Performance Testing in the Real World

Published on: April 7, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Travel Medicine
  • Environmental Health
  • Human Physiology

Background:

  • Long-distance travel is increasingly prevalent globally.
  • Travel fatigue is a common consequence of journeys, stemming from disrupted routines and environmental stressors.
  • Factors include altered sleep/meal patterns, cramped conditions, cabin hypoxia, and acclimatization challenges at the destination.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and describe the multifaceted challenges associated with long-distance travel.
  • To highlight the physiological and environmental factors contributing to travel fatigue and jet lag.
  • To emphasize the importance of traveler awareness and pre-trip preparation.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of travel-related health issues.
  • Analysis of physiological responses to travel stressors.
  • Identification of environmental variables impacting travelers.

Main Results:

  • Travel fatigue symptoms arise from disrupted circadian rhythms, sleep loss, and altered eating schedules.
  • Environmental factors like cabin hypoxia, cramped seating, and post-arrival acclimatization (temperature, humidity, altitude, light, pollution) exacerbate travel discomfort.
  • Crossing multiple time zones leads to transient desynchrony of the internal body clock, causing jet lag.

Conclusions:

  • Travelers face numerous challenges including physical discomfort, physiological stress, and environmental adaptation.
  • Pre-trip planning and awareness of potential issues like jet lag and environmental changes are crucial for traveler well-being.
  • Appropriate preparations, such as suitable clothing and understanding local conditions, can help mitigate negative travel impacts.