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Vision is the result of light being detected and transduced into neural signals by the retina of the eye. This information is then further analyzed and interpreted by the brain. First, light enters the front of the eye and is focused by the cornea and lens onto the retina—a thin sheet of neural tissue lining the back of the eye. Because of refraction through the convex lens of the eye, images are projected onto the retina upside-down and reversed.

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Automatic Surgery in Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement Using Augmented Reality

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Vision and task assistance using modular wireless in vivo surgical robots.

Stephen R Platt¹, Jeff A Hawks, Mark E Rentschler

¹University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68566, USA. srplatt@illinois.edu

IEEE Transactions on Bio-Medical Engineering

|February 25, 2009

Summary

New in vivo surgical robots offer wireless, self-contained solutions for abdominal procedures. These miniature devices enhance minimally invasive surgery capabilities and could enable remote surgical intervention in emergency situations.

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Area of Science:

Minimally Invasive Surgery
Medical Robotics
Surgical Technology

Background:

Minimally invasive abdominal surgery (laparoscopy) offers better patient outcomes than open surgery.
Current laparoscopic tools are difficult to manipulate, limiting their use to less complex procedures.
In vivo robots operating within the peritoneal cavity present a novel approach to overcome these limitations.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a modular, wireless mobile platform for in vivo sensing and manipulation.
To evaluate the design and performance of these novel in vivo surgical robots.

Main Methods:

Development of a modular wireless mobile robotic platform for intra-abdominal use.
Integration of various payloads including biopsy graspers, staple/clamp devices, video cameras, and physiological sensors.
Ex vivo and in vivo testing to assess functionality and performance within the abdominal cavity.

Main Results:

Successful demonstration of in vivo robotic operation with multiple surgical tool payloads.
The developed robots are self-contained, highly transportable, and cost-effective compared to existing robotic surgical assistants.
Ex vivo and in vivo tests confirmed the feasibility of the wireless mobile platform for sensing and manipulation.

Conclusions:

The developed modular wireless mobile platform represents a significant advancement in in vivo surgical robotics.
These self-contained devices have the potential to expand the application of minimally invasive surgery to more complex procedures.
Future deployment could enable remote surgical intervention by non-medical personnel in emergency settings, improving patient outcomes regardless of location.