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Effective dose estimation for pediatric voiding cystourethrography using an anthropomorphic phantom set and metal
Ryan Lee1, Karen E Thomas, Bairbre L Connolly
1Department of Medical and Health Physics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.
Background:
The risks associated with radiation exposure are higher in children than in adults. Therefore the use of fluoroscopy in common pediatric examinations such as voiding cystourethrography (VCUG) requires accurate determination of the associated effective dose.
Objective:
To estimate effective dose for VCUG examinations performed in children younger than 10 years using anthropomorphic phantoms and metal oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) dosimeters.
Materials And Methods:
MOSFETs were placed within four phantoms representing children
Results:
Effective doses ranged from 0.10 to 0.55 mSv, increased with age, and were higher in girls. Fluoroscopy accounted for 88-90% of the total effective dose, and spot exposures 10-12%. MOSFET-measured and simulation-derived effective doses were comparable (T > 0.12). DAP was strongly correlated with effective dose for both genders (r (2)>0.97, P < 0.0001).
Conclusion:
Effective doses for VCUG examinations performed in children
