Time-resolved renal contrast-enhanced MRA in normal dogs

Area of Science:

• Veterinary Radiology
• Medical Imaging
• Cardiovascular Imaging

Background:

• Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (CE-MRA) is a safe and effective method for evaluating renal vessels in humans.
• Computed tomography angiography (CTA) poses risks, necessitating safer alternatives for veterinary diagnostics.
• Noninvasive imaging of canine renal vasculature is crucial for various clinical applications.

Purpose of the Study:

• To establish a novel renal MRA protocol for dogs utilizing a 3D multiphase Fast Spoiled Gradient Recalled echo CE-MRA sequence (3D FSPGR CE-MRA).
• To optimize image acquisition speed and quality for canine renal vessel imaging.
• To evaluate the protocol's efficacy in differentiating arterial and venous phases.

Main Methods:

• Implementation of a 3D multiphase FSPGR CE-MRA sequence with elliptical centric k-space ordering for rapid data acquisition.
• Acquisition of four to five consecutive 3D dorsal slabs covering both kidneys within 40-65 seconds.
• Separate identification of renal arterial and venous phases during specific contrast-enhancement intervals without predetermined bolus timing.

Main Results:

• Clear visualization of canine renal arteries and veins was achieved.
• The protocol successfully distinguished between renal arterial and venous phases.
• Rapid acquisition allowed for comprehensive imaging of both kidneys within a clinically practical timeframe.

Conclusions:

• Multiphase FSPGR 3D CE-MRA with elliptical centric k-space ordering provides a noninvasive and effective method for mapping renal vessels in dogs.
• This technique serves as a valuable diagnostic alternative to conventional angiography.
• Potential applications include pre-transplant donor screening and pre-surgical evaluation for renal neoplasia or vascular anomalies.