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German physicist Wilhelm Röntgen (1845–1923) was experimenting with electrical current when he discovered that a mysterious and invisible "ray" would pass through his flesh but leave an outline of his bones on a screen coated with a metal compound. In 1895, Röntgen made the first durable record of the internal parts of a living human: an "X-ray" image (as it came to be called) of his wife’s hand. Scientists worldwide quickly began their own experiments with X-rays, and by 1900, X-ray was widely...

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Related Experiment Video

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Reservoir Condition Pore-scale Imaging of Multiple Fluid Phases Using X-ray Microtomography

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Published on: February 25, 2015

Imaging renal structures by X-ray phase-contrast microtomography.

Jin Wu¹, Tohoru Takeda, Thet Thet Lwin

¹Institute of Clinical Medicine, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki, Japan.

Kidney International

|February 27, 2009

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

X-ray phase-contrast microtomography images kidney tissue without contrast agents. This technique successfully detected small lesions in hamster kidneys, aiding pre-histological evaluation.

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Area of Science:

Medical Imaging
Biomedical Engineering
Pathology

Background:

X-ray crystal interferometer-based X-ray phase-contrast microtomography offers high-resolution imaging of soft tissues.
Contrast agents are typically required for detailed microstructural imaging in biological samples.
This technique's potential for non-destructive analysis of kidney tissue remains largely unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

To assess the feasibility of X-ray phase-contrast microtomography for non-destructive inspection of formalin-fixed hamster kidney tissue.
To evaluate the technique's ability to detect pathological changes, specifically glomerulosclerosis.
To determine if microvasculature can be visualized without contrast agents.

Main Methods:

Utilized a triple Laue-case X-ray interferometer with a 40 µm analyzer and a 4.34 µm pixel size CCD camera.
Examined formalin-fixed kidney tissue from hamsters with spontaneous glomerulosclerosis and age-matched controls.
Acquired microtomographic images of glomerular and tubular structures.

Main Results:

Images revealed glomeruli and tubular structures comparable to optical microscopy (40-100x magnification).
Seven scattered pathological lesions were identified in glomerulosclerotic hamster kidneys.
Distinct visualization of microvasculature was achieved without contrast agents, showing features like atrophic tubular walls and widened Bowman's space.

Conclusions:

X-ray phase-contrast microtomography effectively detects subtle, scattered lesions in diseased kidney tissue.
The technique provides detailed microstructural information non-destructively and without contrast agents.
It serves as a powerful auxiliary tool for pre-histological evaluation of kidney pathology.