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Updated: Jun 25, 2026

A Common Marmoset Model of Mother-Infant Intervention for Breastfeeding Disorders in the Presence of Paternal Inhibition and Maternal Neglect
Published on: September 22, 2023
Breastfeeding and WIC enrollment in the Nurse Family Partnership Program
Maya Bunik1, Nancy F Krebs, Brenda Beaty
1Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA. bunik.maya@tchden.org
Objective:
Recent studies have raised the issue of lower breastfeeding rates for mothers enrolled in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants and Children (WIC). We wanted to explore this association of WIC and lower breastfeeding in Nurse Family Partnership Program (NFP), a national representative group of mother-baby pairs on which extensive background data are available. Our aim was to compare breastfeeding rates at 6 and 12 months in NFP high-risk mothers who were enrolled in WIC to those who were not enrolled in WIC.
Methods:
We conducted a retrospective secondary analysis in mothers and infants from this cohort for 2000-2005 (n = 3,570).
Results:
We found that at 6 months of age, 87.8% of mothers who were not breastfeeding were enrolled in WIC as compared to 82.6% of mothers who were breastfeeding (p < 0.001). However, in the multivariate analysis, WIC was no longer a significant predictor of breastfeeding.
Conclusions:
Prospective evaluation of this issue is warranted particularly with the implementation of changes in the WIC Food Package and Breastfeeding Promotion.
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