Myocardial infarction in a neonate with left-sided congenital diaphragmatic hernia

We present a case study of a newborn girl with a left-sided congenital diaphragmatic hernia and a myocardial infarction (MI). The occurrence of MI in newborns has been associated with cardiac malformations and abnormalities of the coronary arteries or thromboembolization. In our patient, echocardiography revealed left ventricular dysfunction, persistent pulmonary hypertension and an inferolateral MI. Within 24 hours cardiac function and oxygenation did not improve and the baby died. Autopsy showed massive MI, a small aortic valve and ascending aorta, and hypoplasia of the distal aortic arch and isthmus. An accessory spleen was also present. The present report underlines the importance of cardiac evaluation in patients with congenital diaphragmatic hernia.