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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 25, 2026

High-throughput Fluorometric Measurement of Potential Soil Extracellular Enzyme Activities
12:33

High-throughput Fluorometric Measurement of Potential Soil Extracellular Enzyme Activities

Published on: November 15, 2013

[Not Available].

R Denine1, N Jager-Lezer, J L Grossiord

  • 1Laboratoire de Pharmacie Galénique et Biopharmacie, URA CNRS1218 et Laboratoire de Physique Pharmaceutique, France.

International Journal of Cosmetic Science
|February 28, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Stable multiple emulsions containing glycolic acid were formulated. Active ingredient release is triggered by dilution via a swelling-breakdown mechanism, controllable by formulation parameters.

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Area of Science:

  • Cosmetic Science
  • Materials Science
  • Physical Chemistry

Background:

  • Stable multiple emulsions are desirable for delivering active ingredients like skin moisturizers.
  • Glycolic acid, a key moisturizing factor, was incorporated into the internal aqueous phase.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To formulate stable multiple emulsions containing skin moisturizing factors.
  • To investigate the release mechanism of active ingredients under varying conditions.
  • To determine how formulation parameters influence release kinetics.

Main Methods:

  • Formulation of stable multiple emulsions with glycolic acid.
  • Stability assessment (macroscopic, microscopic) after storage at 4°C and 50°C.
  • Rheological and conductimetric analyses under isoosmotic and hypoosmotic conditions.
  • Investigation of release mechanisms triggered by dilution.

Main Results:

  • Formulated multiple emulsions remained stable macroscopically and microscopically after 30 days of storage.
  • Active ingredient release was observed to occur via a swelling-breakdown phenomenon upon dilution.
  • Release velocity was modulated by formulation parameters: decreased by increased lipophilic surfactant, increased by increased hydrophilic surfactant, osmotic pressure, and decreased internal globule size.

Conclusions:

  • Stable multiple emulsions incorporating glycolic acid were successfully formulated.
  • The release of water-soluble active ingredients from these emulsions is controlled by dilution-induced swelling and breakdown.
  • Formulation parameters offer a means to modulate the release rate of active ingredients for optimized delivery.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 25, 2026

High-throughput Fluorometric Measurement of Potential Soil Extracellular Enzyme Activities
12:33

High-throughput Fluorometric Measurement of Potential Soil Extracellular Enzyme Activities

Published on: November 15, 2013