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Related Concept Videos

Next-generation Sequencing03:00

Next-generation Sequencing

The first human genome sequencing project cost $2.7 billion and was declared complete in 2003, after 15 years of international cooperation and collaboration between several research teams and funding agencies. Today, with the advent of next-generation sequencing technologies, the cost and time of sequencing a human genome have dropped over 100 fold.
Next-Generation Sequencing Methods
Although all next-generation methods use different technologies, they all share a set of standard features.
Genomics02:02

Genomics

Genomics is the science of genomes: it is the study of all the genetic material of an organism. In humans, the genome consists of information carried in 23 pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus, as well as mitochondrial DNA. In genomics, both coding and non-coding DNA is sequenced and analyzed. Genomics allows a better understanding of all living things, their evolution, and their diversity. It has a myriad of uses: for example, to build phylogenetic trees, to improve productivity and...
Sanger Sequencing01:57

Sanger Sequencing

DNA sequencing is a fundamental technique that is routinely used in the biological sciences. This method can be applied to a range of questions at different scales - from the sequencing of a cloned DNA fragment or the study of a mutation in a gene up to whole-genome sequencing. However, despite the widespread use of sequencing today, it was not until 1977 that Fredrick Sanger and his collaborators developed the chain-termination method to decode DNA sequences. It relies on the separation of a...
RNA-seq03:21

RNA-seq

RNA sequencing, or RNA-Seq, is a high-throughput sequencing technology used to study the transcriptome of a cell. Transcriptomics helps to interpret the functional elements of a genome and identify the molecular constituents of an organism. Additionally, it also helps in understanding the development of an organism and the occurrence of diseases. 
Before the discovery of RNA-seq, microarray-based methods and Sanger sequencing were used for transcriptome analysis. However, while microarray-based...
Modern Molecular Taxonomy01:29

Modern Molecular Taxonomy

Advancements in molecular biology have revolutionized the identification and characterization of bacteria, with multiple methods leveraging DNA sequencing for enhanced precision. As sequencing technologies improve and costs decline, these approaches are increasingly used in clinical, environmental, and evolutionary studies.Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST) examines several housekeeping genes, essential chromosomal genes encoding cellular functions, to distinguish strains. Approximately...
Maxam-Gilbert Sequencing01:05

Maxam-Gilbert Sequencing

In the same year as the discovery of the Sanger sequencing method, another group of scientists, Allan Maxam and Walter Gilbert, demonstrated their chemical-cleavage method for DNA sequencing. The Maxam-Gilbert method relies on using different chemicals that can cleave the DNA sequence at specific sites, the separation of resulting DNA fragments of variable size using electrophoresis, and deciphering the DNA sequence from the resulting gel bands.
Challenges of the Maxam-Gilbert Method
The...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 25, 2026

Integration of Wet and Dry Bench Processes Optimizes Targeted Next-generation Sequencing of Low-quality and Low-quantity Tumor Biopsies
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Integration of Wet and Dry Bench Processes Optimizes Targeted Next-generation Sequencing of Low-quality and Low-quantity Tumor Biopsies

Published on: April 11, 2016

Next-generation sequencing: from basic research to diagnostics.

Karl V Voelkerding1, Shale A Dames, Jacob D Durtschi

  • 1ARUP Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pathology, Salt Lake City, Utah 84108, USA. voelkek@aruplab.com

Clinical Chemistry
|February 28, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has revolutionized genomics research since 2005, offering unprecedented throughput for DNA sequencing. This technology enables complex experiments and is advancing toward clinical diagnostics.

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Last Updated: Jun 25, 2026

Integration of Wet and Dry Bench Processes Optimizes Targeted Next-generation Sequencing of Low-quality and Low-quantity Tumor Biopsies
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Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • The Sanger method dominated DNA sequencing for 30 years.
  • Next-generation sequencing (NGS) emerged in 2005, enabling high-throughput genomic analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the fundamental principles of commercially available NGS platforms.
  • To highlight the impact of NGS on research and clinical diagnostics.
  • To discuss future sequencing technologies.

Main Methods:

  • Massively parallel sequencing of spatially separated DNA templates or single molecules in a flow cell.
  • Utilizes polymerase-mediated nucleotide extensions or oligonucleotide ligations.
  • Achieves sequence outputs of hundreds of megabases to gigabases.

Main Results:

  • NGS has fundamentally altered genomics research since 2005.
  • Experiments previously not feasible or affordable are now possible.
  • NGS technologies are continuously evolving.

Conclusions:

  • NGS has transformed the field of genomics.
  • Ongoing technological advancements are paving the way for clinical diagnostics.
  • Future technologies include real-time single-molecule and nanopore sequencing.