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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV01:26

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis V01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V

Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the progression...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis III01:31

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
Pleural Effusion II: Symptoms and Management01:28

Pleural Effusion II: Symptoms and Management

Pleural Effusion Overview
A pleural effusion is the abnormal collection of fluid between the parietal and visceral pleura layers of tissue that form the lining of the lungs and chest cavity. It can occur independently or due to surrounding parenchymal diseases, such as infection, malignancy, or inflammatory conditions.
Clinical Manifestations:
Tuberculosis01:23

Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health concern, primarily targeting the lungs and spreading through airborne transmission. Infection begins when aerosolized droplet nuclei, expelled by an individual with active TB, are inhaled by another person. These microscopic particles carry Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of TB. Upon reaching the alveoli, the bacilli are engulfed by alveolar macrophages. However, due to their specialized lipid-rich cell wall, these pathogens...

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Updated: Jun 25, 2026

A 3D Human Lung Tissue Model for Functional Studies on Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection
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Published on: October 5, 2015

Leptin response in patients with tuberculous pleuritis.

C Prabha1, P Supriya, Sulochana D Das

  • 1Department of Immunology, Tuberculosis Research Centre (ICMR), Chennai, India.

The Indian Journal of Medical Research
|February 28, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Leptin levels in pleural effusions were lower in tuberculous pleuritis patients compared to non-tuberculous cases. Decreased leptin correlated with reduced body mass index (BMI), not disease status, in this tuberculosis model.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Tuberculosis Research
  • Metabolic Markers

Background:

  • Tuberculous pleuritis serves as a model for studying tuberculosis (TB) immune responses.
  • A Th1-dominant response is characteristic of TB infection.
  • Leptin, a known Th1 response enhancer, was investigated for its role.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate leptin levels in pleural effusions of patients with tuberculous pleuritis (TP) versus non-tuberculous pleuritis (NTP).
  • To explore the relationship between leptin, body mass index (BMI), and disease status in TP.

Main Methods:

  • Leptin and cytokine levels were measured using ELISA in serum and pleural fluid from TP and NTP patients (N=20 each).
  • Multivariate regression analysis identified determinants of leptin, including BMI, gender, source (serum/pleural fluid), age, and disease status.

Main Results:

  • Pleural fluid leptin levels were higher than serum levels in both groups.
  • TP patients exhibited significantly lower pleural fluid leptin levels compared to NTP patients.
  • Leptin levels were dependent on BMI but not other tested parameters; males were better predictors of leptin source.

Conclusions:

  • Decreased leptin levels in tuberculous pleuritis are associated with reduced BMI.
  • Leptin levels did not show a direct correlation with the disease status in tuberculous pleuritis.