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Related Concept Videos

Hardy-Weinberg Principle01:49

Hardy-Weinberg Principle

Diploid organisms have two alleles of each gene, one from each parent, in their somatic cells. Therefore, each individual contributes two alleles to the gene pool of the population. The gene pool of a population is the sum of every allele of all genes within that population and has some degree of variation. Genetic variation is typically expressed as a relative frequency, which is the percentage of the total population that has a given allele, genotype or phenotype.In the early 20th century,...
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Mutation, Gene Flow, and Genetic Drift01:09

Mutation, Gene Flow, and Genetic Drift

In a population that is not at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, the frequency of alleles changes over time. Therefore, any deviations from the five conditions of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium can alter the genetic variation of a given population. Conditions that change the genetic variability of a population include mutations, natural selection, non-random mating, gene flow, and genetic drift (small population size).Mechanisms of Genetic VariationThe original sources of genetic variation are mutations,...
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Overview
Frequency-dependent Selection01:21

Frequency-dependent Selection

When the fitness of a trait is influenced by how common it is (i.e., its frequency) relative to different traits within a population, this is referred to as frequency-dependent selection. Frequency-dependent selection may occur between species or within a single species. This type of selection can either be positive—with more common phenotypes having higher fitness—or negative, with rarer phenotypes conferring increased fitness.Positive Frequency-Dependent SelectionIn positive...

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Fixation probability with multiple alleles and projected average allelic effect on selection.

Sabin Lessard1, Philippe Lahaie

  • 1Département de mathématiques et de statistique, Université de Montréal, Montréal (Québec), Canada. lessards@dms.umontreal.ca

Theoretical Population Biology
|March 3, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Selection

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Area of Science:

  • Population Genetics
  • Evolutionary Dynamics

Background:

  • Understanding allele fixation is crucial for evolutionary biology.
  • Finite population size and selection intensity influence allele frequency changes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the first-order effect of selection on allele fixation probability.
  • To analyze the impact of allele effects across generations and reproduction schemes.

Main Methods:

  • Mathematical modeling of allele fixation in diploid populations.
  • Analysis using expected coalescence times and Kingman coalescent theory.
  • Investigation of frequency-dependent and frequency-independent selection models.

Main Results:

  • Fixation probability is a sum of current and future average allelic effects.
  • Weights depend on expected coalescence times for different offspring types.
  • Frequency-dependent selection combines haploid and diploid frequency-independent effects.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides a unified framework for allele fixation probability.
  • It explains and extends the one-third law of evolutionary dynamics.
  • The findings offer insights into the mechanisms driving evolutionary change.