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Related Concept Videos

Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration01:21

Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration

Stem cell therapy is a method used in regenerative medicine to repair and restore function to damaged tissues and organs. Stem cells have the potential to proliferate and differentiate into various tissue types, making them ideal candidates for tissue regeneration. For example, hematopoietic stem cell transplants are commonly used in blood cancer treatment to replenish damaged bone marrow and restore healthy blood cells.
Types of Stem Cells used in Stem Cell Therapy
The two main cell types that...
Bone Marrow Sampling and Transplants01:22

Bone Marrow Sampling and Transplants

Bone marrow transplant is a potential cure for several diseases, including cancer and specific genetic disorders. Notably, this procedure is applicable for patients suffering from aplastic anemia, certain types of leukemia, severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID), Hodgkin's disease, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, multiple myeloma, thalassemia, sickle-cell disease, and certain cancers.
The transplant begins with high doses of chemotherapy and radiation treatment, which aim to destroy the...
Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells01:01

Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

All blood and immune cells are produced from the multipotent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) by the process of hematopoiesis. However, they all have a limited life span. In addition, many are depleted in immune surveillance or combatting an injury or infection. This makes blood one of the most regenerative tissues. Hematopoiesis helps replenish these blood and immune cells, restoring the body's normal functioning. However, overproduction of blood and immune cells can make them cancerous or...
Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance02:40

Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance

Early diagnosis and treatment can often cure cancer. However, even with treatment, residual cells called cancer stem cells (CSC) might remain, often causing tumor recurrence. These cancer stem cells possess the potential for self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation and are often responsible for the therapeutic resistance displayed in most cancers.
Cancer stem cells are thought to originate from tissue-specific normal stem cells or progenitor cells. The normal stem cells usually reside in...
Mesenchymal Stem Cells01:19

Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells that can differentiate into most connective tissue cell types, except for hematopoietic cells, depending upon the source of MSCs. For example, bone-marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) can differentiate into osteocytes, hepatocytes, and pancreatic and neuronal cells. MSCs can be isolated from various sources such as bone marrow, placenta, adipose tissue, teeth, and Wharton’s jelly, a gelatinous substance in the umbilical cord. The ease of their access...
Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells01:19

Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

The hematopoietic stem cells or HSCs are multipotent, meaning they can differentiate and give rise to all blood and immune cells. HSCs are maintained in the quiescent stage until an external stimulus initiates their differentiation. The multipotent HSCs exist as two heterogeneous populations, long-term repopulating cells (LTRC) and short-term repopulating cells (STRC). The two HSC populations have different surface markers or receptors and are classified based on quiescence and long-term...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 25, 2026

In Vivo Osteo-organoid Approach for Harvesting Therapeutic Hematopoietic Stem/Progenitor Cells
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Published on: February 16, 2024

Bone marrow-derived stem cells and radiation response.

Joel S Greenberger1, Michael Epperly

  • 1Radiation Oncology, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA. greenbergerjs@upmc.edu

Seminars in Radiation Oncology
|March 3, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Stem cell niche interactions protect hematopoietic stem cells from radiation damage. These cells also migrate to repair ionizing irradiation damage in various tissues.

Area of Science:

  • Radiobiology
  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Tissue Repair

Background:

  • Tissue recovery after ionizing irradiation relies on stem cell repopulation.
  • Stem cells reside in specialized microenvironments known as niches.
  • Bone marrow stem cell niches are crucial for radiation recovery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review research on stem cell quiescence, niche interactions, and migratory responses to ionizing irradiation.
  • To explore the radiobiology of hematopoietic and mesenchymal stem cells.
  • To understand mechanisms protecting stem cells from radiation damage.

Main Methods:

  • Serial repopulation assays in irradiated mice.
  • Continuous bone marrow cultures.
  • Review of recent evidence on cell contact and humoral protection mechanisms.

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Last Updated: Jun 25, 2026

In Vivo Osteo-organoid Approach for Harvesting Therapeutic Hematopoietic Stem/Progenitor Cells
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Published on: February 16, 2024

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Main Results:

  • Identified specific microanatomic sites comprising the bone marrow stem cell niche.
  • Supportive cells maintain stem cell quiescence and protect from radiation.
  • Mesenchymal stem cells show multilineage differentiation and repair capabilities.

Conclusions:

  • Stem cell quiescence and niche interactions are vital for radiation survival.
  • Hematopoietic and mesenchymal stem cells migrate to repair irradiation damage.
  • Further investigation into the radiobiology of these stem cell populations is warranted.