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Processing porcine cornea for biomedical applications.

Joo Youn Oh1, Mee Kum Kim, Hyun Ju Lee

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul, Korea.

Tissue Engineering. Part C, Methods
|March 3, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Decellularized porcine corneas using a hypertonic saline method show promise as lamellar corneal xenografts. These grafts demonstrated low immunogenicity and good integration in rabbit eyes for over six months.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Biomaterials Science
  • Tissue Engineering

Background:

  • Corneal blindness remains a significant global health issue.
  • Autologous and allogeneic corneal grafts face limitations like donor scarcity and immune rejection.
  • Xenotransplantation offers a potential alternative source for corneal tissue.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate decellularized porcine corneas as a source for lamellar corneal xenografts.
  • To compare different decellularization methods for porcine corneas.
  • To assess the biocompatibility and integration of porcine corneal xenografts in a rabbit model.

Main Methods:

  • Porcine corneas were decellularized using various agents including freezing, hypertonic saline, and enzymatic treatments.
  • Decellularized corneas were analyzed for cellular remnants and collagen structure integrity using histology and electron microscopy.

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  • Porcine anterior lamellar corneal xenografts were transplanted into rabbits and evaluated for integration, clarity, and thickness using OCT and histology.

    • Main Results:

    • Hypertonic saline-based decellularization effectively removed cells while preserving the native collagen structure.
    • Decellularized porcine corneal xenografts exhibited minimal immunogenicity.
    • Xenografts showed excellent integration with host tissues and maintained corneal clarity for over six months in rabbits.

    Conclusions:

    • Decellularized porcine corneas processed with hypertonic saline are a viable source for lamellar corneal xenografts.
    • This method yields grafts with low immunogenicity and good structural integrity.
    • Porcine corneal xenografts demonstrate successful integration and long-term clarity in a rabbit model, suggesting clinical potential.