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Related Concept Videos

Sleep-Wake Cycles01:24

Sleep-Wake Cycles

Sleep is an essential physiological process vital to maintaining overall well-being. The reticular activating system (RAS), a network of neurons in the brainstem, regulates wakefulness and sleep. While it may seem passive, sleep consists of distinct cycles, each with its unique characteristics and functions. Two key sleep phases are non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and  rapid eye movement (REM).
NREM Sleep
NREM sleep comprises four progressive stages that seamlessly merge:
Insomnia01:27

Insomnia

Insomnia is a prevalent sleep disorder characterized by difficulty falling asleep, frequent awakenings during the night, and waking up too early without being able to return to sleep. People with insomnia often experience these disruptions at least three nights a week for at least one month. Chronic insomnia, which lasts for at least three months, can lead to increased anxiety, which in turn can worsen sleep difficulties, creating a cycle of sleeplessness and stress.
Multiple factors contribute...
Management of Insomnia01:19

Management of Insomnia

The sleep cycle, an integral part of human health, consists of several stages with distinct characteristics and functions. It begins with a transition from wakefulness to sleep, known as the light sleep phase, followed by the restorative deep sleep phase, essential for physical recovery and growth. The cycle concludes with the Rapid Eye Movement (REM) phase, characterized by high brain activity and vivid dreaming. Insomnia, a prevalent sleep disorder, involves difficulty falling asleep, staying...
Sleepwalking and Sleep Talking01:17

Sleepwalking and Sleep Talking

Somnambulism, commonly known as sleepwalking, involves individuals engaging in activities ranging from simple walking to more complex behaviors such as driving. Sleepwalking typically occurs during the slow-wave sleep stages 3 and 4 early in the night when the person is not dreaming, contradicting the myth that sleepwalkers are acting out their dreams.
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Nightmares and Night Terrors01:18

Nightmares and Night Terrors

Nightmares and night terrors represent two distinct types of sleep disturbances that differ in timing, characteristics, and the sleeper's recall of the event. Nightmares are vivid, disturbing dreams that usually awaken the sleeper from REM sleep, a stage of sleep where brain activity is high, and dreams are most frequent. Upon awakening, individuals often have detailed recollections of their nightmares, which can include themes of threats to survival, security, or self-esteem.
Nightmares often...
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Restless Leg Syndrome and Night Terrors

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 25, 2026

A Chronic Sleep Fragmentation Model using Vibrating Orbital Rotor to Induce Cognitive Deficit and Anxiety-Like Behavior in Young Wild-Type Mice
06:23

A Chronic Sleep Fragmentation Model using Vibrating Orbital Rotor to Induce Cognitive Deficit and Anxiety-Like Behavior in Young Wild-Type Mice

Published on: September 22, 2020

Reflux and sleeping disorders: a systematic review.

P D Karkos1, S C Leong, J Benton

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology, Liverpool University Hospitals, UK. pkarkos@aol.com

The Journal of Laryngology and Otology
|March 3, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Limited evidence supports a link between night-time reflux and snoring or sleep apnea. Current research relies on low-quality studies, necessitating further investigation into this laryngology topic.

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Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy (DISE) with Target Controlled Infusion (TCI) and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea
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Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy (DISE) with Target Controlled Infusion (TCI) and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Published on: December 6, 2016

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 25, 2026

A Chronic Sleep Fragmentation Model using Vibrating Orbital Rotor to Induce Cognitive Deficit and Anxiety-Like Behavior in Young Wild-Type Mice
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A Chronic Sleep Fragmentation Model using Vibrating Orbital Rotor to Induce Cognitive Deficit and Anxiety-Like Behavior in Young Wild-Type Mice

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Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy (DISE) with Target Controlled Infusion (TCI) and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea
07:54

Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy (DISE) with Target Controlled Infusion (TCI) and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Published on: December 6, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) is a significant area of research in laryngology.
  • Supraesophageal symptoms like asthma and laryngospasm are potentially linked to supine reflux.
  • This review focuses on the association between night-time reflux, snoring, and sleep apnea.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the evidence quality for a correlation between night-time reflux and snoring/sleep apnea.
  • To synthesize current research on the relationship between LPR and sleep-disordered breathing.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive Medline search was conducted using relevant keywords.
  • Literature review focused on randomized and non-randomized controlled trials.
  • Inclusion of studies across pediatric and adult populations, excluding non-English papers.

Main Results:

  • No randomized controlled trials or meta-analyses were found directly addressing reflux, snoring, and apnea.
  • The existing literature describes a potential correlation but lacks robust evidence.

Conclusions:

  • The role of night-time reflux in pediatric and adult snoring and apnea is suggested.
  • Current evidence is primarily derived from uncontrolled studies and case reports, indicating a low level of evidence.
  • Further high-quality research is needed to establish a definitive link.