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Related Concept Videos

Introduction to Developmental Psychology01:27

Introduction to Developmental Psychology

Developmental psychology explores the changes and continuities in human abilities throughout life, encompassing physical, cognitive, linguistic, and social dimensions. Human development is not restricted to growth, but includes aspects of decline, particularly in physical abilities as individuals age. Developmental psychologists seek to understand how people change as they age and how their mental and social skills evolve.Developmental MilestonesA key concept in developmental psychology is...
Three Developmental Domains01:29

Three Developmental Domains

Human development is typically examined across three main domains: physical, cognitive, and socio-emotional. These domains represent the significant areas of change and continuity throughout the lifespan, from infancy to late adulthood.
Physical Development
Physical processes, also known as maturation, encompass the biological changes that occur across an individual's life. These changes begin with genetic inheritance and continue through various stages, including growth in height and weight,...
Theoretical Approaches to Psychological Disorder01:29

Theoretical Approaches to Psychological Disorder

The development of psychological disorders, which are characterized by deviant, maladaptive, and personally distressing behaviors, has been explored through several theoretical approaches.
Biological approach
The biological approach posits that internal, organic factors are the primary causes of such disorders. This perspective emphasizes brain structure and function, genetic predispositions, and neurotransmitter imbalances. For example, schizophrenia has been associated with both genetic...
Psychosexual Theory of Development01:14

Psychosexual Theory of Development

Sigmund Freud's psychosexual theory of development suggests that early childhood experiences significantly shape personality and behavior. Freud proposed that development is discontinuous, occurring in five distinct stages, each defined by a focus on different erogenous zones. He believed that failure to resolve the conflicts specific to each stage successfully could result in fixation, potentially influencing behavior as adults.
The Five Stages of Psychosexual Development
Freud's psychosexual...
Autism Spectrum Disorder01:19

Autism Spectrum Disorder

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
Information Processing Approach01:30

Information Processing Approach

The information-processing theory of cognitive development centers on fundamental mental processes, including attention, memory, and problem-solving skills. Researchers in this field examine how cognitive abilities, such as working memory, evolve and influence children's overall development. Studies indicate that children with stronger working memory tend to excel in reading comprehension, math, and problem-solving compared to peers with less efficient memory skills. Low working memory is also...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 25, 2026

Rapid Detection of Neurodevelopmental Phenotypes in Human Neural Precursor Cells (NPCs)
10:47

Rapid Detection of Neurodevelopmental Phenotypes in Human Neural Precursor Cells (NPCs)

Published on: March 2, 2018

Using developmental trajectories to understand developmental disorders.

Michael S C Thomas1, Dagmara Annaz, Daniel Ansari

  • 1Developmental Neurocognition Laboratoy, School of Psychology, Birkbeck College, University of London, London, UK. m.thomas@bbk.ac.uk

Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research : JSLHR
|March 3, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Developmental trajectories offer a richer understanding of language and cognitive impairments in developmental disorders compared to matching methods. This approach aids in distinguishing different types of developmental delay and informs optimal research designs.

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Rapid Detection of Neurodevelopmental Phenotypes in Human Neural Precursor Cells (NPCs)
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Rapid Detection of Neurodevelopmental Phenotypes in Human Neural Precursor Cells (NPCs)

Published on: March 2, 2018

Eye Tracking Young Children with Autism
09:03

Eye Tracking Young Children with Autism

Published on: March 27, 2012

Area of Science:

  • Developmental Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Clinical Psychology

Background:

  • Developmental disorders present complex challenges in understanding language and cognitive impairments.
  • Existing methods for studying these impairments have limitations in providing nuanced descriptions.
  • Distinguishing between developmental delay and atypical development requires precise analytical tools.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a tutorial on using developmental trajectories for studying language and cognitive impairments in developmental disorders.
  • To compare the developmental trajectory approach with the matching method.
  • To highlight the strengths, limitations, and practical implications of each methodology.

Main Methods:

  • Assessment of the strengths and limitations of developmental trajectories and matching methods.
  • Contrast of methodologies using developmental delay as an example.
  • Illustrative examples from studies on Williams syndrome, Down syndrome, and autism spectrum disorder.

Main Results:

  • The trajectory approach provides a richer descriptive vocabulary for understanding developmental disorders.
  • Illustrations from Williams syndrome, Down syndrome, and autism spectrum disorder support the utility of the trajectory approach.
  • The trajectory method aids in distinguishing various types of developmental delay.

Conclusions:

  • The trajectory approach enhances the understanding of underlying mechanisms in developmental disorders.
  • Combining cross-sectional and longitudinal designs offers an optimal strategy for studying developmental disorders.
  • A richer descriptive vocabulary from trajectories aids in differentiating developmental delays.