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Published on: November 4, 2010
Inhaled corticosteroid-related tooth problems in asthmatics.
Eui-Ryoung Han1, Inseon S Choi, Hee-Kyung Kim
1Department of Allergy, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea.
Summary
Inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) may lead to osteoporosis and tooth problems in asthma patients. Regular mandibular bone mineral density (BMD) checks are recommended for those on long-term ICS therapy, especially with osteoporosis risk factors.
Area of Science:
- Oral health
- Endocrinology
- Pulmonology
Background:
- Inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) are linked to systemic side effects like osteoporosis.
- Newer, highly potent ICSs may increase the risk of dental issues due to direct exposure.
- Asthma management guidelines highlight potential adverse effects of ICSs.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the relationship between long-term ICS treatment in asthma patients and dental problems.
- To determine if osteoporosis of the mandible is associated with tooth issues in these patients.
Main Methods:
- Bone mineral density (BMD) of the mandible was measured in asthma patients using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.
- Mandibular BMD T-scores were calculated relative to young adults.
- Conventional BMD measurements were also performed.
Main Results:
- Asthma patients with tooth loss or caries showed a significantly higher prevalence of mandibular osteoporosis.
- Mandibular osteoporosis and low femoral neck BMD were identified as risk factors for tooth loss.
- Mandibular BMD correlated with age and BMD of the lumbar spine and femoral neck.
Conclusions:
- Tooth loss in asthma patients on potent ICSs is associated with decreased BMD, particularly in the mandible.
- Regular mandibular BMD screening is advised for patients on long-term ICSs, especially those with osteoporosis risk factors.
- Reducing ICS dosage may be beneficial for at-risk patients.
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