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Pediatric cardiac beriberi: 3 different presentations

Chaisit Sangtawesin1, Somsak Leartveravat

  • 1Queen Sirikit National Institute of Child Health, Department of Medical Services, Thailand. chaisit_s@yahoo.com

Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand = Chotmaihet Thangphaet
|March 4, 2009
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric cardiac beriberi, a rare condition, can present with varied symptoms. Early diagnosis using echocardiography and prompt thiamine treatment are crucial for managing this potentially life-threatening illness in children.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Cardiology
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • Cardiac beriberi, a severe form of thiamine deficiency, is historically associated with diets high in polished rice.
  • While rare in developed areas, it remains a concern in regions with endemic nutritional deficiencies.
  • Understanding its varied presentations is key for timely diagnosis and intervention.

Observation:

  • Three pediatric cases of cardiac beriberi were observed over a decade at a major children's hospital.
  • Two cases exhibited typical symptoms, while one presented atypically, highlighting diagnostic challenges.
  • The disease, though old, persists in modern urban settings like Bangkok.

Findings:

  • Diagnosis requires a high index of clinical suspicion due to diverse presentations.
  • Echocardiography revealed right heart dysfunction in affected children.
  • A rapid, positive response to intravenous thiamine administration was a key diagnostic indicator.

Implications:

  • This study underscores the importance of considering cardiac beriberi in pediatric heart failure, even in urban settings.
  • Prompt recognition and treatment with thiamine can lead to favorable outcomes.
  • Enhanced awareness among clinicians is vital for managing this treatable condition.

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