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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V

Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the progression...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV01:26

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
Tuberculosis01:23

Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health concern, primarily targeting the lungs and spreading through airborne transmission. Infection begins when aerosolized droplet nuclei, expelled by an individual with active TB, are inhaled by another person. These microscopic particles carry Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of TB. Upon reaching the alveoli, the bacilli are engulfed by alveolar macrophages. However, due to their specialized lipid-rich cell wall, these pathogens...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis III01:31

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:

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Annual risk of tuberculous infection measured using serial skin testing, Orel Oblast, Russia, 1991-2005.

The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease·2014
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[Characteristics of lung foci revealed by computed tomography in high-risk children and adolescents for tuberculosis].

Vestnik rentgenologii i radiologii·2014
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[The role of immunodeficiencies in development of complications during vaccination of children with BCG vaccine].

Zhurnal mikrobiologii, epidemiologii i immunobiologii·2014
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[Viral and drug-induced liver damage in children with tuberculosis: prevalence, clinical features].

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Tuberkulez i bolezni legkikh·2010

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Updated: Jun 25, 2026

Micro-Colony Forming Unit Assay for Efficacy Evaluation of Vaccines Against Tuberculosis
06:26

Micro-Colony Forming Unit Assay for Efficacy Evaluation of Vaccines Against Tuberculosis

Published on: July 28, 2023

[Vaccine prophylaxis of tuberculosis: implication and problems].

V A Aksenova, D T Levi, E V Fonina

    Problemy Tuberkuleza I Boleznei Legkikh
    |March 4, 2009
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This study analyzes tuberculosis vaccine (BCG) prophylaxis in Russia, recommending adjustments to vaccination schedules based on age and regional epidemic status. It also examines BCG vaccine complications, finding a slight decrease in incidence but variations based on inoculation location.

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    Protective Efficacy and Pulmonary Immune Response Following Subcutaneous and Intranasal BCG Administration in Mice
    06:32

    Protective Efficacy and Pulmonary Immune Response Following Subcutaneous and Intranasal BCG Administration in Mice

    Published on: September 19, 2016

    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Public Health
    • Epidemiology

    Background:

    • Tuberculosis remains a significant global health challenge.
    • Vaccine prophylaxis, particularly BCG, is a cornerstone of tuberculosis control strategies worldwide.
    • Understanding vaccination effectiveness and complication patterns is crucial for optimizing public health interventions.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To analyze current data on tuberculosis vaccine (BCG) prophylaxis in Russia.
    • To review global approaches to BCG vaccination and compare them with Russian research.
    • To investigate the incidence, patterns, and causes of complications following BCG vaccination in Russia.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review of global tuberculosis vaccination strategies.
    • Analysis of Russian research on BCG re-administration regimens and frequencies.
    • Examination of data on BCG/BCG-M vaccine complications from the Federal Center in Russia.
    • Comparative analysis of complication rates based on vaccination setting (maternity hospital vs. polyclinic).

    Main Results:

    • The incidence of post-BCG vaccination complications in Russia showed a slight decrease between 1995 and 2002-2003 (21.1 vs. 20.3 per 100,000).
    • Postvaccination lymphadenitis occurred twice as frequently in infants vaccinated at maternity hospitals compared to those vaccinated at polyclinics.
    • Cold abscesses were less frequent in children vaccinated at polyclinics (63%) than in those vaccinated at maternity hospitals (19.1%).
    • BCG osteitis was identified as a primary reason for severe post-vaccination complications.

    Conclusions:

    • Tuberculosis prophylaxis calendars require modification to account for child's age and regional epidemic situations.
    • Vaccination site significantly influences the type and frequency of BCG vaccine complications.
    • Further investigation into the causes of severe complications like BCG osteitis is warranted.