Detection of adulteration of notoginseng root extract with other panax species by quantitative HPLC coupled with PCA

Reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with a principal component analysis (PCA) method was used to distinguish the extract of notoginseng root from that of other species in the genus Panax . The content of 12 saponins in notoginseng root extracts from different sources was evaluated. Herbal extracts from different plant parts of notoginseng, Asian ginseng, and American ginseng were also evaluated. With an HPLC assay, however, it is difficult to determine whether notoginseng root extract has been adulterated with other plant parts or other Panax species before extraction. Therefore, PCA was introduced to identify adulteration in notoginseng root extract. PCA was performed on the data set obtained from the HPLC chromatogram. The HPLC-PCA assay distinguished notoginseng root extract not only from the extract of other plant parts of notoginseng but also from the extract of Asian or American ginseng plant parts.