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Related Concept Videos

Van der Waals Interactions01:24

Van der Waals Interactions

Atoms and molecules interact with each other through intermolecular forces. These electrostatic forces arise from attractive or repulsive interactions between particles with permanent, partial, or temporary charges. The intermolecular forces between neutral atoms and molecules are ion–dipole, dipole–dipole, and dispersion forces, collectively known as van der Waals forces.Polar molecules have a partial positive charge on one end and a partial negative charge on the other end of the molecule,...
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Various dissolution theories provide insight into the factors that influence the dissolution rate. Danckwerts' Model suggests that turbulence, rather than a stagnant layer, characterizes the dissolution medium at the solid-liquid interface. In this model, the agitated solvent contains macroscopic packets that move to the interface via eddy currents, facilitating the absorption and delivery of the drug to the bulk solution. The regular replenishment of solvent packets maintains the concentration...
First Law: Particles in One-dimensional Equilibrium01:10

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Newton's first law of motion states that a body at rest remains at rest, or if in motion, remains in motion at constant velocity, unless acted on by a net external force. It also states that there must be a cause for any change in velocity (a change in either magnitude or direction) to occur. This cause is a net external force. For example, consider what happens to an object sliding along a rough horizontal surface. The object quickly grinds to a halt, due to the net force of friction. If we...
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Using Microwave and Macroscopic Samples of Dielectric Solids to Study the Photonic Properties of Disordered Photonic Bandgap Materials
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Soft hubbard gaps in disordered itinerant models with short-range interaction.

Hiroshi Shinaoka1, Masatoshi Imada

  • 1Department of Applied Physics, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.

Physical Review Letters
|March 5, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers discovered unique soft gaps in the Anderson-Hubbard model, revealing a new energy scaling law for the single-particle density of states (DOS) regardless of electron filling or order. This finding offers insights into electronic properties in disordered systems.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed matter physics
  • Quantum mechanics
  • Materials science

Background:

  • The Anderson-Hubbard model describes interacting electrons in disordered systems.
  • Understanding electronic properties in such systems is crucial for materials science.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the Anderson-Hubbard model with both short-range interaction and diagonal disorder.
  • To identify and characterize unconventional soft gaps in the electronic density of states.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing the Hartree-Fock approximation.
  • Employing exact diagonalization techniques.
  • Analyzing the single-particle density of states (DOS) scaling with energy.

Main Results:

  • Existence of unconventional soft gaps was demonstrated.
  • A novel energy scaling law for the DOS was found: A(E) ∝ exp[-(-γlog|E-E_F|)/d].
  • This scaling is independent of electron filling and long-range order.

Conclusions:

  • A multivalley energy landscape is proposed as the origin of these soft gaps.
  • The findings provide a new theoretical framework for understanding electronic behavior in disordered interacting systems.
  • Experimental verification methods are suggested.