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Atomic three-body loss as a dynamical three-body interaction.

A J Daley1, J M Taylor, S Diehl

  • 1Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.

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Summary

Large three-body loss in optical lattices creates effective hard-core interactions. This enables a dimer superfluid phase for bosons with attractive interactions, alongside the atomic superfluid.

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Area of Science:

  • Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics
  • Quantum Many-Body Physics
  • Condensed Matter Theory

Background:

  • Three-body loss is a significant phenomenon in ultracold atomic systems.
  • Optical lattices provide a controllable platform for simulating quantum many-body phenomena.
  • Understanding emergent interactions is crucial for novel quantum phases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the emergence of effective hard-core three-body interactions from large three-body loss.
  • To explore the possibility of a dimer superfluid phase in one-dimensional (1D) Bose systems.
  • To analyze the nonequilibrium dynamics for preparing and stabilizing these quantum phases.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical modeling of atomic loss in optical lattices.
  • Combining time-dependent density matrix renormalization group (TD-DMRG) techniques.
  • Utilizing a quantum trajectories method for nonequilibrium dynamics.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated that large three-body loss can lead to effective hard-core three-body interactions.
  • Identified conditions for the observation of a dimer superfluid phase in 1D Bose gases.
  • Characterized the preparation and stability dynamics of the atomic and dimer superfluid phases.

Conclusions:

  • Three-body loss can engineer novel effective interactions in quantum systems.
  • The dimer superfluid is an accessible emergent phase in 1D Bose superfluids.
  • Nonequilibrium methods are essential for studying the dynamics of such quantum phases.