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Universal dephasing in a chiral 1D interacting fermion system.

Clemens Neuenhahn1, Florian Marquardt

  • 1Department of Physics, Arnold Sommerfeld Center for Theoretical Physics, 80333 Munich, Germany.

Physical Review Letters
|March 5, 2009
PubMed
Summary

We studied dephasing in one-dimensional chiral fermion systems, like quantum Hall edge states. Interactions cause a universal power-law decay in coherence, independent of interaction strength at zero temperature.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Quantum Mechanics
  • Mesoscopic Physics

Background:

  • Dephasing, the loss of quantum coherence, is crucial in quantum systems.
  • One-dimensional chiral fermion systems, such as quantum Hall edge states, are promising for quantum information processing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate dephasing caused by interactions in 1D chiral fermion systems.
  • To determine the spatial decay of the Green's function and its impact on interferometer contrast.
  • To analyze the temperature dependence of dephasing and electron fluctuations.

Main Methods:

  • Calculation of the spatial decay of the Green's function for finite-range interactions.
  • Application of a semiclassical ansatz for transparent analysis.
  • Analysis of dephasing rate at finite temperatures (T>0).

Main Results:

  • A universal power-law decay of coherence with an exponent of 1 was found at high energies and zero temperature (T=0).
  • This decay is independent of interaction strength.
  • The dephasing rate at T>0 and the fluctuation spectrum acting on an electron were determined.

Conclusions:

  • Finite-range interactions lead to a universal dephasing mechanism in 1D chiral fermion systems.
  • The findings are essential for understanding quantum coherence in these systems and for designing quantum devices like Mach-Zehnder interferometers.